The DOI matches its Crossref record; 47 of the 47 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Reduced Cortisol Metabolism during Critical Illness
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Critical illness is often accompanied by hypercortisolemia, which has been attributed to stress-induced activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. However, low corticotropin levels have also been reported in critically ill patients, which may be due to reduced cortisol metabolism. METHODS: In a total of 158 patients in the intensive care unit and 64 matched controls, we tested five aspects of cortisol metabolism: daily levels of corticotropin and cortisol; plasma cortisol clearance, metabolism, and production during infusion of deuterium-labeled steroid hormones as tracers; plasma clearance of 100 mg of hydrocortisone; levels of urinary cortisol metabolites; and levels of messenger RNA and protein in liver and adipose tissue, to assess major cortisol-metabolizing enzymes. RESULTS: Total and free circulating cortisol levels were consistently higher in the patients than in controls, whereas corticotropin levels were lower (P<0.001 for both comparisons). Cortisol production was 83% higher in the patients (P=0.02). There was a reduction of more than 50% in cortisol clearance during tracer infusion and after the administration of 100 mg of hydrocortisone in the patients (P≤0.03 for both comparisons). All these factors accounted for an increase by a factor of 3.5 in plasma cortisol levels in the patients, as compared with controls (P<0.001). Impaired cortisol clearance also correlated with a lower cortisol response to corticotropin stimulation. Reduced cortisol metabolism was associated with reduced inactivation of cortisol in the liver and kidney, as suggested by urinary steroid ratios, tracer kinetics, and assessment of liver-biopsy samples (P≤0.004 for all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS: During critical illness, reduced cortisol breakdown, related to suppressed expression and activity of cortisol-metabolizing enzymes, contributed to hypercortisolemia and hence corticotropin suppression. The diagnostic and therapeutic implications for critically ill patients are unknown. (Funded by the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research and others; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00512122 and NCT00115479; and Current Controlled Trials numbers, ISRCTN49433936, ISRCTN49306926, and ISRCTN08083905.).
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“During protracted critical illness, reduced metabolism and clearance contribute to hypercortisolaemia [11].”
From Guidelines for the management of glucocorticoids during the peri‐operative period for patients with adrenal insufficiency (2020) · cites this paper as [11]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The plasma elimination half time of exogenously administered hydrocortisone is approximately 90 min, but may be shorter in patients taking inducers of liver enzyme CYP3A4 [4] or suffering from hyperthyroidism, and longer in critically ill patients [11].”
From Guidelines for the management of glucocorticoids during the peri‐operative period for patients with adrenal insufficiency (2020) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“The previously reported reduced cortisol clearance during critical illness (30) may affect the requirements of hydrocortisone in patients with adrenal insufficiency and should be taken into consideration when interpreting our findings.”
From Prevention of adrenal crisis: cortisol responses to major stress compared to stress dose hydrocortisone delivery (2020) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“Though we observed the highest serum cortisol concentrations in sepsis, it is unlikely that hydrocortisone doses higher than 200 mg per 24 hours would be required to cover patients with adrenal insufficiency in that situation, as critical illness results in a decrease in cortisol inactivation (30).”
From Prevention of adrenal crisis: cortisol responses to major stress compared to stress dose hydrocortisone delivery (2020) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“The expression and activity of 5-reductases within the liver and probably other tissues is decreased in response to inflammation [14].”
In the citing paper
“Cortisol production rates in critically ill patients were recently shown to be either unaltered or only slightly increased compared with matched control subjects tested in an intensive care unit (ICU) environment [14,15].”
In the citing paper
“Decreased ACTH levels are observed during the first week of ICU stay [14,15].”
In the citing paper
“Several studies have also demonstrated that the half-life of cortisol is dramatically increased during severe sepsis and other critical illnesses [14,15].”
In the citing paper
“Compared with healthy volunteers, clinical studies have found ACTH levels to be significantly lower in critically ill septic patients [14,64,65].”
In the citing paper
“In addition, feedback inhibition exerted by elevated circulating free cortisol, driven by ACTH-independent mechanisms and suppressed cortisol breakdown, can suppress ACTH [14,15,59].”
In the citing paper
“There is some evidence that cortisol production rate is somewhat increased in critically ill patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome [14].”
In the citing paper
“Experiments involving a range of in vivo and ex vivo techniques showed that the expression and activity of the glucocorticoid-inactivating 5-reductase enzymes are decreased [14].”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Knaus, W. A., Draper, E. A., Wagner, D. P., & Zimmerman, J. E. (1985) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/00003246-198510000-00009 · Cited by 15,518
APACHE II-A Severity of Disease Classification System
Knaus, W. A., Draper, E. A., Wagner, D. P., & Zimmerman, J. E. (1986) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/00003246-198608000-00028 · Cited by 13,379
Bone, R. C., BALK, R. A., Cerra, F. B., Dellinger, R. P., Fein, A. M., Knaus, W. A., Schein, R. M. H., & Sibbald, W. J. (1992) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.101.6.1644 · Cited by 13,335
APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system.
Knaus, W. A., Draper, E. S., Wagner, D. P., & Zimmerman, J. E. (1985) · PubMed · Cited by 6,034
Annane, D. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.288.7.862 · Cited by 3,075
THE GENERAL ADAPTATION SYNDROME AND THE DISEASES OF ADAPTATION1
Selye, H. (1946) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-6-2-117 · Cited by 2,296
Hydrocortisone Therapy for Patients with Septic Shock
Sprung, C. L., Annane, D., Keh, D., Moreno, R. P., Singer, M., Freivogel, K., Weiss, Y., Benbenishty, J., Kalenka, A., Forst, H., et al. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa071366 · Cited by 2,179
Annane, D. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.283.8.1038 · Cited by 1,000
11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1: a tissue specific regulator of glucocorticoid response
Tomlinson, J. W., Walker, E. A., Bujalska, I. J., Draper, N., Lavery, G. G., Cooper, M. S., Hewison, M., & Stewart, P. M. (2004) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2003-0031 · Cited by 969
11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase and the Syndrome of Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess*
White, P. C., Mune, T., & Agarwal, A. K. (1997) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.18.1.0288 · Cited by 517
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- 10.1210/jc.80.4.1238 · DOI
- 10.1210/jc.84.5.1729 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1210/jc.83.2.682 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1210/jc.80.12.3617 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–400 of 473
Festti, J., Grion, C. M. C., Festti, L., Mazzuco, T. L., Lima‐Valassi, H. P., Brito, V. N., Barbosa, D. S., & Carrilho, A. J. F. (2014) · Shock · doi:10.1097/shk.0000000000000165 · Cited by 5
Dorin, R. I., Urban, F. K., Perogamvros, I., & Qualls, C. R. (2022) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvac173 · Cited by 4
Hormonal response following hemorrhage after severe trauma: an observational prospective study
Werner, M., Joulia, H., Pussard, E., Bergis, B., Leblanc, P.-É., Wildenberg, L., Huertas, A., Vigué, B., Duranteau, J., & Harrois, A. (2025) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-025-05782-0 · Cited by 4
Adrenal Insufficiency in Cardiogenic Shock: Incidence and Prognostic Implication
Omer, E., & Zaghla, H. (2019) · World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.4236/wjcd.2019.98049 · Cited by 4
Relative Adrenal Insufficiency in Cardiogenic Shock
Briegel, J., Möhnle, P., Vogeser, M., Thiemermann, C., & Radermacher, P. (2017) · Shock · doi:10.1097/shk.0000000000000870 · Cited by 4
Moreno, L. M., García, N. P., & García, F. J. E. (2017) · Endocrinología Diabetes y Nutrición · doi:10.1016/j.endinu.2017.09.004 · Cited by 6
Lenney, M., Kopp, B. J., & Erstad, B. L. (2022) · American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy · doi:10.1093/ajhp/zxac156 · Cited by 4
Diagnosing and treating the elderly individual with hypopituitarism
Corsello, A., Paragliola, R. M., & Salvatori, R. (2023) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-023-09870-w · Cited by 4
Findling, J. W., & Raff, H. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45950-9_6 · Cited by 4
Huang, X.-F., Hu, W., He, X.-J., & Zhang, G.-S. (2018) · Journal of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.21037/jeccm.2018.10.11 · Cited by 5
Kumar, R., Chowdhury, J. B., & Jain, R. K. (2001) · PubMed · Cited by 4
Whyte, M., Vas, P. R. J., & Umpleby, A. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.649405 · Cited by 4
Al-Sofyani, K. A., Uddin, M. S., Qulisy, E. A., & AL-Radi, O. O. (2022) · International Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1155/2022/6730666 · Cited by 4
The metabolic and endocrine response to trauma
Hastings, J., Krepska, A., & Roodenburg, O. S. (2014) · Anaesthesia & intensive care medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mpaic.2014.06.012 · Cited by 4
Postoperative Stress, Metabolism, and Catabolism
Calvani, R., Picca, A., Coelho‐Júnior, H. J., Tosato, M., & Marzetti, E. (2024) · Practical issues in geriatrics · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-77707-3_21 · Cited by 3
Stress hormone response to instrumented elective lumbar spine fusion surgery
Repo, J. P., Neva, M. H., Häkkinen, K., Pekkanen, L. T., Metso, S., & HÄKKINEN, A. H. (2023) · Journal of orthopaedic surgery · doi:10.1177/10225536231201910 · Cited by 3
Increased adrenal steroidogenesis and suppressed corticosteroid responsiveness in critical COVID-19
Wen, T.-Z., Li, T., Chen, X., Chen, H.-Y., Wang, S., Fu, W.-J., Xiao, S., Luo, J., Tang, R., Ji, J.-L., et al. (2024) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155980 · Cited by 3
DeMasi, S. C., Imhoff, B., Lewis, A. A., Seitz, K. P., Driver, B. E., Gibbs, K. W., Ginde, A. A., Trent, S. A., Russell, D. W., Muhs, A. L., et al. (2025) · CHEST Critical Care · doi:10.1016/j.chstcc.2025.100177 · Cited by 4
Lusczek, E. R., Parsons, L. S., Elder, J., Harvey, S. B., Skube, M. E., Muratore, S. L., Beilman, G. J., & Cornélissen, G. (2020) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.533915 · Cited by 3
Dlamini, S. N., Choudhury, A., Ramsay, M., Micklesfield, L. K., Norris, S. A., Crowther, N. J., Crawford, A. A., Walker, B. R., Lombard, Z., & Goedecke, J. H. (2021) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2021.687335 · Cited by 3
Self-citationGoder, N., Gerstenhaber, F., Gal‐Oz, A., Stavi, D., Angel, Y., Nini, A., Lichter, Y., & Sold, O. (2024) · Critical Care Explorations · doi:10.1097/cce.0000000000001086 · Cited by 4
(2024) · International Journal of Veterinary Science · doi:10.47278/journal.ijvs/2024.196 · Cited by 3
Critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency: What we know and what we don’t know
Rivas, M., & Sotello, D. (2019) · The Southwest Respiratory and Critical Care Chronicles · doi:10.12746/swrccc.v7i31.595 · Cited by 3
Muentabutr, N., Manosroi, W., & Niyatiwatchanchai, N. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11195929 · Cited by 3
Sibia, I., Singh, A. H., Joshi, R., Khanduja, D., & Bathla, M. (2023) · Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care · doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1655_22 · Cited by 3
CyberGenomics: Application of Behavioral Genetics in Cybersecurity
Domarkienė, I., Ambrozaitytė, L., Bukauskas, L., Rančelis, T., Sütterlin, S., Knox, B. J., Maennel, K., Maennel, O., Parish, K., Lugo, R. G., et al. (2021) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs11110152 · Cited by 3
Endocrine interventions in the intensive care unit
Téblick, A., Langouche, L., & den Berghe, G. V. (2021) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819973-2.00028-9 · Cited by 3
Self-citationDorin, R. I., Urban, F. K., & Qualls, C. (2020) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaa418 · Cited by 3
Hao, Y., Yang, L., Meng, X., Tang, Y., & Wang, L. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0318261 · Cited by 2
Alshamsi, F. E., Alkaabi, S., Alfadli, M., Alshkeili, N. A. N. S., Alhosani, S. M. I., & Agha, A. (2025) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics15202588 · Cited by 2
Shen, K., Huang, J., Liu, D., Lu, Q., Kang, X., & Yan, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1784658 · Cited by 2
Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Cortex Axis
Wilkinson, M., & Imran, S. A. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108149938.006 · Cited by 3
ACTH-cortisol dissociation in patients with Kawasaki disease: a retrospective study
Aso, K., & Satoh, M. (2021) · Endocrine Journal · doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej20-0533 · Cited by 2
The Endocrine System in Sepsis
Heming, N., Sivanandamoorthy, S., Meng, P., & Annane, D. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-73506-1_5 · Cited by 2
Tumors modulate fenestrated vascular beds and host endocrine status
Hargreaves, A., Barry, S. T., Bigley, A. L., Kendrew, J., & Price, S. (2021) · Journal of Applied Toxicology · doi:10.1002/jat.4176 · Cited by 2
Kanczkowski, W., Sue, M., Wlodarczyk, A., & Chrousos, G. P. (2024) · Exploration of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases · doi:10.37349/eemd.2024.00012 · Cited by 2
Should patients with cirrhosis and variceal hemorrhage receive glucocorticoid therapy?
Moreau, R., & Weiss, E. (2015) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.27762 · Cited by 2
Joshi, T., Woodford, P., Maiti, K., Smith, R., Gani, J., & Acharya, S. (2016) · AACE Clinical Case Reports · doi:10.4158/ep15785.cr · Cited by 2
Stress Response: Adrenal Function
Marik, P. E. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27687-8_12 · Cited by 2
The role of steroids in severe CAP
Nora, D., Nedel, W. L., Lisboa, T. C., Salluh, J. I., & Póvoa, P. M. S. R. (2020) · Hospital Practice · doi:10.1080/21548331.2020.1720215 · Cited by 2
Perioperative Glucocorticoid Therapy in Adrenal Insufficiency: What Is the Correct Dose?
Salvatori, R. (2020) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaa102 · Cited by 2
Mer, M., Schultz, M. J., Adhikari, N. K. J., Kwizera, A., Mohanty, S., Dondorp, A. M., Neto, A. S., & Preller, J. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-03143-5_5 · Cited by 3
Elfottoh, M. N. A., Kamal, H. M., Gaballah, A., & Ali, E. E.-S. (2020) · The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine · doi:10.21608/ejhm.2020.115574 · Cited by 2
CORTISOL LEVEL IN POTENTIAL ORGAN DONORS
Lipnitski, A. L., Марочков, А. В., Karpelev, G. M., & Lipnitskaya, V. V. (2021) · Vestnik of Vitebsk State Medical University · doi:10.22263/2312-4156.2021.6.7 · Cited by 2
Slack, A. J., Hogan, B. J., & Wendon, J. A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-64298-7_3 · Cited by 2
Moreno, L. M., García, N. P., & García, F. J. E. (2017) · Endocrinología Diabetes y Nutrición (English ed ) · doi:10.1016/j.endien.2017.09.003 · Cited by 2
The Endocrine Response to Critical Illness
Peeler, K. R., & Agus, M. S. D. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-73782-9_38 · Cited by 2
Surrogate Markers of Free Cortisol in Cirrhotic Patients: Another Step Has Been Reached
Thévenot, T., Weil, D., & Martino, V. D. (2013) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2013.09.056 · Cited by 2
Endocrinology and metabolism 2013
Root, A. W. (2013) · Current Opinion in Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/mop.0b013e328362cdb3 · Cited by 2
Diagnosing adrenal insufficiency in critical illness: Time to go back to the start
Gibbison, B. (2018) · Resuscitation · doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.06.007 · Cited by 2
The metabolic and endocrine response to trauma
Krepska, A., Hastings, J., & Roodenburg, O. S. (2023) · Anaesthesia & intensive care medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mpaic.2023.04.012 · Cited by 1
Shiozaki, H., Fujioka, S., Takano, Y., Shimazaki, T., Suka, M., Sakamoto, T., Gocho, T., Nakamoto, K., Toya, N., & Ikegami, T. (2025) · Surgery Today · doi:10.1007/s00595-025-03128-5 · Cited by 1
Sepsis as CNS-governed metabolic triage
Yurtsever, B., & Demirkol, D. (2026) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1842915 · Cited by 1
Clinical Management of Endotoxemia: Corticosteroids
Boscolo, A., Sella, N., Pettenuzzo, T., & Navalesi, P. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-18591-5_8 · Cited by 1
Eroğlu, O., Özgültekin, A., & Ekinci, O. (2025) · Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.12669/pjms.41.2.10256 · Cited by 1
Association of Serum Symmetric Dimethylarginine Concentrations and Inflammation in Cats
Cattaneo, G., Kingsbury, E., McCallum, K. E., & Williams, T. (2025) · Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/jvim.70030 · Cited by 1
Hernandez, J., Pflieger, F. J., Schäffer, J., Bähr, L., Schneiders, J., Reichel, T., Meurer, M., Lamp, B., Bauer, N. B., Krüger, K., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1578590 · Cited by 1
Use of Corticosteroid in Critically Ill : Cautions and Precautions
Ferdous, H. S. (2015) · Bangladesh Critical Care Journal · doi:10.3329/bccj.v2i2.24076 · Cited by 1
Dumančić, J., Čupić, M., Potočnjak, I., Trbušić, M., & Degoricija, V. (2016) · Endocrine Oncology and Metabolism · doi:10.21040/eom/2016.2.8 · Cited by 1
Acute hormonal findings after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage – report from a single center
Takala, R. S. K., Kiviranta, R., Olkkola, K. T., Vahlberg, T. J., Laukka, D., Kotkansalo, A., Rahi, M., Sankinen, M., Posti, J. P., Katila, A. J., et al. (2016) · Endocrine Research · doi:10.1080/07435800.2016.1242603 · Cited by 1
Kim, G., & Young, J. S. (2017) · The American Surgeon · doi:10.1177/000313481708300829 · Cited by 1
Balachandran, K., Asirvatham, A. R., & Mahadevan, S. (2019) · Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.4103/ijem.ijem_119_19 · Cited by 1
Bode, E. F., Markby, G. R., Boag, A. M., Pereira, Y. M., CORCORAN, B. M., Farquharson, C., Sooy, K., Homer, N. Z. M., Jamieson, P. M., & Culshaw, G. (2020) · The Veterinary Journal · doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2020.105456 · Cited by 1
Adrenal Insufficiency in patients with cardiogenic shock: A meta-analysis
Nso, N., Nassar, M., Baraka, B., Mbome, Y., & Alfishawy, M. (2021) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102274 · Cited by 1
Pathophysiology and management of adrenal disorders in the critically ill
Venkatesh, B., & Cohen, J. (2016) · doi:10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0261 · Cited by 1
Venkatesh, B., & Cohen, J. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-19668-8_37 · Cited by 1
Endocrine Issues in Neurocritical Care
Long, M. T., Leiendecker, E., Dollerschell, J. T., Tokarcyzk, A., & Coursin, D. B. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-62220-5_35 · Cited by 1
A szérumkortizolszintek és a sokszervi működészavar összefüggése oxigénhiányt átélt újszülöttekben
Kerekes, R., Dobi, M., Jermendy, Á., Szabó, M., & Kovács, K. D. (2025) · Orvosi Hetilap · doi:10.1556/650.2025.33317 · Cited by 1
Molendijk, A. J., & Koenderman, L. (2026) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1093/jleuko/qiag068 · Cited by 1
Pengaruh Mendengarkan Ayat-ayat Al Quran terhadap Penurunan Stres pada Pasien Kanker Serviks
Fitriatun, I., Wiyono, N., & Setyanto, A. T. (2015) · doi:10.13057/wacana.v7i2.84 · Cited by 1
Endocrine and Metabolic Management in the Cardiothoracic ICU
Schulman, R. C., & Mechanick, J. I. (2015) · Advances in medical technologies and clinical practice book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-8603-8.ch021 · Cited by 1
Endocrine Function in Critical Heart Disease
Iliopoulos, I. D., Huff, C., & Graham, E. (2019) · Critical Heart Disease in Infants and Children · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-0760-7.00018-8 · Cited by 1
Computational Aspects of Metabolic Processes: Modeling, Analysis and Applications
Vitkin, E. I., & Yakhini, Z. (2018) · Cited by 1
Can Serum Cortisol Be Used To Monitor Patients With COVID-19?
Kumar, A., Kumari, C., Pareek, V., & Narayan, R. K. (2020) · US Endocrinology · doi:10.17925/use.2020.16.2.63 · Cited by 1
Geroscience and Management of Osteoporosis in Older Adults
Miedany, Y. M. E. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-87950-1_19 · Cited by 1
The metabolic and endocrine response to trauma
Krepska, A., Hastings, J., & Roodenburg, O. S. (2020) · Anaesthesia & intensive care medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mpaic.2020.04.011 · Cited by 1
The Endocrine Response to Stress
Henley, D., Upton, T. J., & Lightman, S. L. (2022) · doi:10.1093/med/9780198870197.003.0203 · Cited by 1
Physiopathology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Functional Pituitary Dysfunction
Miljić, D., Pekić, S., Stojanovic, M., & POPOVIC, V. M. (2018) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-44444-4_6 · Cited by 1
Gaston, L. S., & Majzoub, J. A. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-99899-4.00013-5 · Cited by 1
Critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency in cardiogenic shock
Gibbison, B., & Lightman, S. L. (2014) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aeu065 · Cited by 1
Acute Liver Failure: Prognosis and Management
Price, J., Hogan, B. J., & Agarwal, B. (2019) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119211419.ch25 · Cited by 1
Lusczek, E. R. (2015) · University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota) · doi:10.13020/7tfs-sf98 · Cited by 1
Razik, S., Hashem, H. E., & Ahmed, W. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.07.15.20154849 · Cited by 1
Steroid and Thyroid Hormone Profiles in Patients Hospitalized With SARS-CoV-2Preprint
Araque, K., Gubbi, S., Romero, F. A. R., Cole, H. R., Fischer, T. D., Kanegusuku, A. G., Cohen, J. I., Kłubo-Gwieździńska, J., & Soldin, S. J. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4001462 · Cited by 1
The Endocrine Response to Critical Illness
Wassner, A. J., & Agus, M. S. D. (2013) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-395-4_33
Cortisol metabolism during acute stress—an (IC)U turn
Osório, J. (2013) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2013.72
Endocrine Perturbations in Critical Illness
Lee, G. S., Inzucchi, S. E., & Holt, E. H. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1121-9_14
Regt, J. D. (2014) · Journal of Translational Internal Medicine · doi:10.4103/2224-4018.135604
Effects of glucocorticoids in macrophages
Jubb, A. W. (2015) · ERA
Cholestase und Gallensäuren stören die Nebennierenrindenfunktion
Zaufel, A., Fickert, P., & Zollner, G. (2016) · Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)
Clarifying Cortisol Metabolism in Critically Ill Patients: Complicated and Somewhat Less Confusing
Kritek, P. (2013) · Journal watch · doi:10.1056/jw201304110000005
Subarachnoid haemorrage - clinical and epidemiological studies
Lindgren, C. M. (2014)
Recommandations hémodynamiques de la Surviving Sepsis Campaign : où en sommes-nous aujourd’hui ?
Olivier, P., Beloncle, F., & Asfar, P. (2015) · Réanimation · doi:10.1007/s13546-015-1036-8
Bjekić-Macut, J., Radosavljević, V., Andric, Z. G., Ilic, D. S., Stanojlović, O. P., Milutinović, D. V., Antić, I. B., Zdravkovic, M. D., Hinić, S., Μacut, D., et al. (2016) · Journal of Medical Biochemistry · doi:10.1515/jomb-2016-0015
Critical Illness-Related Corticosteroid Insufficiency in the Intensive Care Patient
Saillant, N. N., & Sims, C. A. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-33341-0_30
Lin, H., Wang, Z., Wang, S., & Kang, Y. (2016) · PubMed Central · doi:10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2016.10.019
Does Low Dose Steroids Confer Benefits in Sepsis and Septic Shock?
Nazim, S. N. (2017) · BIRDEM Medical Journal · doi:10.3329/birdem.v7i1.31272
Hydrocortison kann einem septischen Schock nicht vorbeugen
Willenberg, H. S. (2017) · DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift · doi:10.1055/s-0042-121935
Evaluation of a Salivary Cortisol Elisa Kit in a Critical Obstetrical Unit
Zerón, H. M., Reyes-Mendoza, L. E., Tovar, C. F. L., & Osorio, E. A. A. (2016) · Research Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.3923/rjog.2017.11.16
Metadata
- Authors
- Boonen, E., Vervenne, H., Meersseman, P., Andrew, R., Mortier, L., Declercq, P. E., Vanwijngaerden, Y.-M., Spriet, I., Wouters, P. J., Vander Perre, S., Langouche, L., Vanhorebeek, I., Walker, B. R., & Van den Berghe, G.
- Affiliations
- KU Leuven (BE)
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- Jessa Hospital (BE)
- ORCID
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2013-04-18
- Volume
- 368
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 1477-1488
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- PMC
- PMC4413428
- OpenAlex
- W2100018795
- Semantic Scholar
- 7f3c17a02a9bca722a1820d94cd4def2c6c9328d
- Cited by
- 477
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 58 · 2013: 15
- FWCI
- 39.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (090937)
- British Heart Foundation (RG/11/4/28734)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Keywords
- cortisol metabolism, critical illness, hypercortisolism, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, cortisol clearance, cortisol, urinary steroid metabolites, intensive care unit patients
- MeSH terms
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Aged, Cushing Syndrome, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Intensive Care Units, Male, Middle Aged, RNA, Messenger, Case-Control Studies, Critical Illness, 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
