Cited by 429Family and Patient Care in Intensive Care UnitsNursing care and researchFamily Caregiving in Mental Illness

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One-Year Outcomes in Caregivers of Critically Ill Patients

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Cameron, Jill I., Chu, Leslie M., Matte, Andrea, Tomlinson, George, Chan, Linda, Thomas, Claire, Friedrich, Jan O., Mehta, Sangeeta, Lamontagne, Francois, Levasseur, Melanie, Ferguson, Niall D., Adhikari, Neill K.J., Rudkowski, Jill C., Meggison, Hilary, Skrobik, Yoanna, Flannery, John, Bayley, Mark, Batt, Jane, dos Santos, Claudia, Abbey, Susan E., Tan, Adrienne, Lo, Vincent, Mathur, Sunita, Parotto, Matteo, Morris, Denise, Flockhart, Linda, Fan, Eddy, Lee, Christie M., Wilcox, M. Elizabeth, Ayas, Najib, Choong, Karen, Fowler, Robert, Scales, Damon C., Sinuff, Tasnim, Cuthbertson, Brian H., Rose, Louise, Robles, Priscila, Burns, Stacey, Cypel, Marcelo, Singer, Lianne, Chaparro, Cecilia, Chow, Chung-Wai, Keshavjee, Shaf, Brochard, Laurent, Hébert, Paul, Slutsky, Arthur S., Marshall, John C., Cook, Deborah, Herridge, Margaret S.·2016·New England Journal of Medicine

DOI 10.1056/nejmoa1511160

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Few resources are available to support caregivers of patients who have survived critical illness; consequently, the caregivers' own health may suffer. We studied caregiver and patient characteristics to determine which characteristics were associated with caregivers' health outcomes during the first year after patient discharge from an intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 280 caregivers of patients who had received 7 or more days of mechanical ventilation in an ICU. Using hospital data and self-administered questionnaires, we collected information on caregiver and patient characteristics, including caregiver depressive symptoms, psychological well-being, health-related quality of life, sense of control over life, and effect of providing care on other activities. Assessments occurred 7 days and 3, 6, and 12 months after ICU discharge. RESULTS: The caregivers' mean age was 53 years, 70% were women, and 61% were caring for a spouse. A large percentage of caregivers (67% initially and 43% at 1 year) reported high levels of depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms decreased at least partially with time in 84% of the caregivers but did not in 16%. Variables that were significantly associated with worse mental health outcomes in caregivers were younger age, greater effect of patient care on other activities, less social support, less sense of control over life, and less personal growth. No patient variables were consistently associated with caregiver outcomes over time. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, most caregivers of critically ill patients reported high levels of depressive symptoms, which commonly persisted up to 1 year and did not decrease in some caregivers. (Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00896220.).

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Authors: Cameron, J. I., Chu, L. M., Matte, A., Tomlinson, G., Chan, L., Thomas, C., Friedrich, J. O., Mehta, S., Lamontagne, F., Levasseur, M., Ferguson, N. D., Adhikari, N. K. J., Rudkowski, J. C., Meggison, H., Skrobik, Y., Flannery, J., Bayley, M., Batt, J., dos Santos, C., Abbey, S. E., Tan, A., Lo, V., Mathur, S., Parotto, M., Morris, D., Flockhart, L., Fan, E., Lee, C. M., Wilcox, M. E., Ayas, N., Choong, K., Fowler, R., Scales, D. C., Sinuff, T., Cuthbertson, B. H., Rose, L., Robles, P., Burns, S., Cypel, M., Singer, L., Chaparro, C., Chow, C.-W., Keshavjee, S., Brochard, L., Hébert, P., Slutsky, A. S., Marshall, J. C., Cook, D., & Herridge, M. S.
Affiliations: Mount Sinai Hospital (CA)
ORCID: Cameron, Jill I.
Tomlinson, George
Chan, Linda
Friedrich, Jan O.
Mehta, Sangeeta
Ferguson, Niall D.
Adhikari, Neill K.J.
Rudkowski, Jill C.
Meggison, Hilary
Skrobik, Yoanna
Flannery, John
Bayley, Mark
Batt, Jane
Abbey, Susan E.
Tan, Adrienne
Mathur, Sunita
Parotto, Matteo
Morris, Denise
Fan, Eddy
Lee, Christie M.
Wilcox, M. Elizabeth
Ayas, Najib
Choong, Karen
Scales, Damon C.
Cuthbertson, Brian H.
Rose, Louise
Robles, Priscila
Burns, Stacey
Cypel, Marcelo
Singer, Lianne
Chaparro, Cecilia
Chow, Chung-Wai
Keshavjee, Shaf
Brochard, Laurent
Hébert, Paul
Slutsky, Arthur S.
Marshall, John C.
Herridge, Margaret S.
Venue: New England Journal of Medicine
Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
Published: 2016-05-12
Volume: 374
Issue: 19
Pages: 1831-1841
ISSN: 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
1533-4406
DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1511160
OpenAlex: W2385708538
Cited by: 429
References: 50
Citations by year: 2026: 33 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 48 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 52 · 2016: 18
FWCI: 82.27
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: University of Toronto
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (97809_1)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Family and Patient Care in Intensive Care Units
Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Nursing care and research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
Keywords: caregiver burden, family caregivers, critically ill patients, intensive care unit survivors, depressive symptoms, caregiver mental health, health-related quality of life, psychological well-being, social support, perceived control, personal growth, mechanical ventilation, post-discharge outcomes
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Depression, Family, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Quality of Life, Stress, Psychological, Critical Illness, Caregivers

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