The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dapagliflozin in Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure and cardiovascular death among patients with chronic heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% or less. Whether SGLT2 inhibitors are effective in patients with a higher left ventricular ejection fraction remains less certain. METHODS: We randomly assigned 6263 patients with heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction of more than 40% to receive dapagliflozin (at a dose of 10 mg once daily) or matching placebo, in addition to usual therapy. The primary outcome was a composite of worsening heart failure (which was defined as either an unplanned hospitalization for heart failure or an urgent visit for heart failure) or cardiovascular death, as assessed in a time-to-event analysis. RESULTS: Over a median of 2.3 years, the primary outcome occurred in 512 of 3131 patients (16.4%) in the dapagliflozin group and in 610 of 3132 patients (19.5%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73 to 0.92; P<0.001). Worsening heart failure occurred in 368 patients (11.8%) in the dapagliflozin group and in 455 patients (14.5%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.91); cardiovascular death occurred in 231 patients (7.4%) and 261 patients (8.3%), respectively (hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.05). Total events and symptom burden were lower in the dapagliflozin group than in the placebo group. Results were similar among patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 60% or more and those with a left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 60%, and results were similar in prespecified subgroups, including patients with or without diabetes. The incidence of adverse events was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Dapagliflozin reduced the combined risk of worsening heart failure or cardiovascular death among patients with heart failure and a mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction. (Funded by AstraZeneca; DELIVER ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03619213.).
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In the citing paper
“Risk of DKA is increased in persons using SGLT2is, especially in those being treated with insulin (especially if there has been a recent reduction in their insulin dose) and/or those with acute illnesses and prolonged fasting.1049,1050”
From American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update. (2022) · cites this paper as [1049]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Over the past decade, the use of medications that have been demonstrated to be effective in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 [SGLT2] inhibitors) has been evaluated in large-scale trials in patients with HF and mildly reduced ejection fraction and patients with HFpE”
From Effects of Tirzepatide on the Clinical Trajectory of Patients With Heart Failure, Preserved Ejection Fraction, and Obesity (2025) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In the EMPEROR-Preserved trial (Empagliflozin Outcome Trial in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction) and DELIVER trial (Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the Lives of Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure), SGLT2 inhibition reduced the risk of cardiovascular death and worsening HF events by 18% to 21%4,5 and improved KCCQ-CSS by 1.5 to 2.3 points”
From Effects of Tirzepatide on the Clinical Trajectory of Patients With Heart Failure, Preserved Ejection Fraction, and Obesity (2025) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the incidence of heart failure and improve heart failurerelated outcomes, including hospitalization for heart failure and heart failure-related symptoms, in people with diabetes with preserved or reduced ejection fraction (250,(255)(256)(257)(298)(299)(300)(301)(302)(303)(304)(305)(306).”
From 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [302]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“This level was significantly lower than that in the STEP-HFpEF program (median, ≈470 pg/mL)36 and substantially lower than in other large-scale outcome trials in HFpEF (median 900–1400 pg/mL).3–6”
From Effects of Tirzepatide on the Clinical Trajectory of Patients With Heart Failure, Preserved Ejection Fraction, and Obesity (2025) · cites this paper as [5]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“A similar benefit for heart failure outcomes was seen in the Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the Lives of Patients with Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure (DELIVER) trial for dapagliflozin in people with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (302).”
From 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [302]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“A similar benefit for heart failure outcomes was seen in the Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the Lives of Patients with Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure (DELIVER) trial for dapagliflozin in people with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (290).”
From 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2026 (2026) · cites this paper as [290]
In the citing paper
“Sacubitril/valsartan, compared with valsartan, reduced the likelihood of the primary composite outcome of CV death and total HF hospitalization by 22% in those with an LVEF below or equal to the median of 57%.534”
From 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. (2023) · cites this paper as [534]
In the citing paper
“Over the past decade, several large RCTs failed to achieve statistical significance with regard to effects on the primary outcomes in patients with HFpEF including: PEP-CHF (perindopril), CHARM-Preserved (candesartan), I-PRESERVE (irbesartan), TOPCAT (spironolactone), DIG Ancillary Trial (digoxin), and PARAGON-HF (sacubitril/valsartan). 477,[534][535][536][537][538]”
From 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. (2023) · cites this paper as [534]
In the citing paper
“DELIVER recruited 6263 patients with heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved (>40%) ejection fraction including 3109 patients without diabetes.”
In the citing paper
“There is good evidence to support the use of SGLT2 inhibitors as a foundational therapy to prevent cardiovascular death or hospitalisation for heart failure in patients with heart failure, irrespective of ejection fraction or history of previous diabetes.1, 2, 3, 4, 5”
In the citing paper
“Large placebo-controlled trials have shown that sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and particularly hospitalisation for heart failure, in patients with type 2 diabetes at high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, or chronic kidney disease.”
In the citing paper
“Since 2021, two placebo-controlled SGLT2 inhibitor trials (EMPA-KIDNEY and DELIVER) have studied a large number of people without diabetes.”
In the citing paper
“Approximately 44% of patients randomized to either dapaglifl ozin or placebo had type 2 diabetes, and results were consistent regardless of the presence of type 2 diabetes.”
From 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023 (2023) · cites this paper as [199]
In the citing paper
“The primary outcome of a composite of worsening heart failure, de fi ned as hospitalization or urgent visit for heart failure, or cardiovascular death was reduced by 18% in patients treated with dapagli fl ozin compared with placebo (HR 0.82 [95% CI 0.73 -0.92]; P < 0.001).”
From 10. Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Management: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2023 (2023) · cites this paper as [199]
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Citations
Cites
A Proportional Hazards Model for the Subdistribution of a Competing Risk
Fine, J. P., & Gray, R. J. (1999) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1999.10474144 · Cited by 14,290
Dapagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction
McMurray, J. J. V., Solomon, S. D., Inzucchi, S. E., Køber, L., Kosiborod, M. N., Martinez, F. A., Ponikowski, P., Sabatine, M. S., Anand, I. S., Bělohlávek, J., et al. (2019) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1911303 · Cited by 7,140
Self-citationDapagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Heerspink, H. J. L., Stefánsson, B. V., Correa-Rotter, R., Chertow, G. M., Greene, T., Hou, F.-F., Mann, J. F. E., McMurray, J. J. V., Lindberg, M., Rossing, P., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2024816 · Cited by 5,618
Self-citationCardiovascular and renal outcomes with empagliflozin in heart failure
Packer, M., Anker, S. D., Butler, J., Filippatos, G., Pocock, S. J., Carson, P., Januzzi, J., Verma, S., Tsutsui, H., Brueckmann, M., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2022190 · Cited by 5,206
Self-citationEmpagliflozin in heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction
Anker, S. D., Butler, J., Filippatos, G., Ferreira, J. P., Bocchi, E., Böhm, M., Brunner–La Rocca, H.-P., Choi, D.-J., Chopra, V., Chuquiure-Valenzuela, E., et al. (2021) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2107038 · Cited by 4,874
Self-citation2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure
Heidenreich, P. A., Bozkurt, B., Aguilar, D., Allen, L. A., Byun, J. J., Colvin, M. M., Deswal, A., Drazner, M. H., Dunlay, S. M., Evers, L. R., et al. (2022) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2021.12.012 · Cited by 2,862
Self-citationAngiotensin–Neprilysin Inhibition in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Solomon, S. D., McMurray, J. J. V., Anand, I. S., Ge, J., Lam, C. S. P., Maggioni, A. P., Martinez, F., Packer, M., Pfeffer, M. A., Pieske, B., et al. (2019) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1908655 · Cited by 2,430
Self-citationCategorical Data Analysis Using the SAS System
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2017 Cardiovascular and Stroke Endpoint Definitions for Clinical Trials
Hicks, K. A., Mahaffey, K. W., Mehran, R., Nissen, S. E., Wiviott, S. D., Dunn, B., Solomon, S. D., Marler, J. R., Teerlink, J. R., Farb, A., et al. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.117.033502 · Cited by 750
Self-citationSolomon, S. D., Claggett, B. L., Lewis, E. F., Desai, A. S., Anand, I. S., Sweitzer, N. K., O’Meara, E., Shah, S. J., McKinlay, S. M., Fleg, J. L., et al. (2015) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv464 · Cited by 538
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Corrao, S., Falcone, F., Mirarchi, L., Amodeo, S., & Calvo, L. (2025) · Diabetes Therapy · doi:10.1007/s13300-025-01761-4 · Cited by 9
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure
Crisci, G., & Salzano, A. (2024) · JACC Asia · doi:10.1016/j.jacasi.2023.11.010 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Solomon, S. D., McMurray, J. J. V., Claggett, B., de Boer, R. A., DeMets, D., Hernandez, A. F., Inzucchi, S. E., Kosiborod, M. N., Lam, C. S. P., Martinez, F., Shah, S. J., Desai, A. S., Jhund, P. S., Belohlavek, J., Chiang, C.-E., Borleffs, C. J. W., Comin-Colet, J., Dobreanu, D., Drozdz, J., Fang, J. C., Alcocer-Gamba, M. A., Al Habeeb, W., Han, Y., Cabrera Honorio, J. W., Janssens, S. P., Katova, T., Kitakaze, M., Merkely, B., O’Meara, E., Saraiva, J. F. K., Tereshchenko, S. N., Thierer, J., Vaduganathan, M., Vardeny, O., Verma, S., Pham, V. N., Wilderäng, U., Zaozerska, N., Bachus, E., Lindholm, D., Petersson, M., & Langkilde, A. M.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston (S.D.S., B.C., A.S.D., M.V.); the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M., P.S.J.); the Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen (R.A.B., C.S.P.L.), and Haga Teaching Hospital, the Hague (C.J.W.B.) — both in the Netherlands; the University of Wisconsin, Madison (D. DeMets); Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.F.H.); Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.); Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Kansas City (M.N.K.); National Heart Center Singapore and Duke–National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.S.P.L.); National University of Cordoba, Cordoba (F.M.), and Jefe de Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardíaca, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norbert...
- Northwestern University (US)
- Semmelweis University (HU)
- ORCID
- Solomon, Scott D.
- McMurray, John J.V.
- Claggett, Brian
- de Boer, Rudolf A.
- DeMets, David
- Hernandez, Adrian F.
- Inzucchi, Silvio E.
- Kosiborod, Mikhail N.
- Lam, Carolyn S.P.
- Shah, Sanjiv J.
- Desai, Akshay S.
- Jhund, Pardeep S.
- Chiang, Chern-En
- Dobreanu, Dan
- Fang, James C.
- Alcocer-Gamba, Marco Antonio
- Han, Yaling
- Janssens, Stefan P.
- Kitakaze, Masafumi
- Merkely, Béla
- O’Meara, Eileen
- Tereshchenko, Sergey N.
- Thierer, Jorge
- Vaduganathan, Muthiah
- Vardeny, Orly
- Verma, Subodh
- Pham, Vinh Nguyen
- Wilderäng, Ulrica
- Bachus, Erasmus
- Lindholm, Daniel
- Petersson, Magnus
- Langkilde, Anna Maria
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2022-09-22
- Volume
- 387
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1089-1098
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- OpenAlex
- W4293354639
- Cited by
- 2,884
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 635 · 2025: 716 · 2024: 714 · 2023: 673 · 2022: 139
- FWCI
- 390.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- AstraZeneca
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- dapagliflozin, SGLT2 inhibitors, heart failure, preserved ejection fraction, mildly reduced ejection fraction, heart failure hospitalization, cardiovascular mortality, left ventricular ejection fraction
- MeSH terms
- Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors, Benzhydryl Compounds, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glucosides, Heart Failure, Humans, Stroke Volume, Ventricular Function, Left
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