The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Neighborhoods, obesity, and diabetes—a randomized social experiment.
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The question of whether neighborhood environment contributes directly to the development of obesity and diabetes remains unresolved. The study reported on here uses data from a social experiment to assess the association of randomly assigned variation in neighborhood conditions with obesity and diabetes. METHODS: From 1994 through 1998, the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) randomly assigned 4498 women with children living in public housing in high-poverty urban census tracts (in which ≥40% of residents had incomes below the federal poverty threshold) to one of three groups: 1788 were assigned to receive housing vouchers, which were redeemable only if they moved to a low-poverty census tract (where <10% of residents were poor), and counseling on moving; 1312 were assigned to receive unrestricted, traditional vouchers, with no special counseling on moving; and 1398 were assigned to a control group that was offered neither of these opportunities. From 2008 through 2010, as part of a long-term follow-up survey, we measured data indicating health outcomes, including height, weight, and level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)). RESULTS: As part of our long-term survey, we obtained data on body-mass index (BMI, the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) for 84.2% of participants and data on glycated hemoglobin level for 71.3% of participants. Response rates were similar across randomized groups. The prevalences of a BMI of 35 or more, a BMI of 40 or more, and a glycated hemoglobin level of 6.5% or more were lower in the group receiving the low-poverty vouchers than in the control group, with an absolute difference of 4.61 percentage points (95% confidence interval [CI], -8.54 to -0.69), 3.38 percentage points (95% CI, -6.39 to -0.36), and 4.31 percentage points (95% CI, -7.82 to -0.80), respectively. The differences between the group receiving traditional vouchers and the control group were not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The opportunity to move from a neighborhood with a high level of poverty to one with a lower level of poverty was associated with modest but potentially important reductions in the prevalence of extreme obesity and diabetes. The mechanisms underlying these associations remain unclear but warrant further investigation, given their potential to guide the design of community-level interventions intended to improve health. (Funded by HUD and others.).
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Unmet social needs have been linked to important clinical outcomes such as uncontrolled diabetes and hypertension as well as higher levels of utilization, including hospital readmissions.4–7”
From Documentation and review of social determinants of health data in the EHR: measures and associated insights (2021) · cites this paper as [4]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“For example, lead abatement and indoor air quality improvement interventions have reduced childhood lead poisoning and asthma morbidity, respectively.(35,36)”
From Evaluating strategies for reducing health disparities by addressing the social determinants of health. (2016) · cites this paper as [36]
In the citing paper
“For example, lead abatement and indoor air quality improvement interventions have reduced childhood lead poisoning and asthma morbidity, respectively.(35,36)”
From Evaluating strategies for reducing health disparities by addressing the social determinants of health. (2016) · cites this paper as [36]
In the citing paper
“10 to 15 years after poor public housing families had been randomized to move to less poor neighborhoods, those who had moved had lower levels of obesity, severe obesity and diabetes risk [53].”
From Reducing Racial Inequities in Health: Using What We Already Know to Take Action (2019) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“Better-designed studies of programs such as Moving to Opportunity have found benefits for low income recipients—including improvements in housing, employment, and reductions in obesity, diabetes risk, and alcohol abuse (Sanbonmatsu et al. 2011; Fauth, Leventhal & Brooks-Gunn, 2004; Ludwig et al., 2011).”
From Civil rights as determinants of public health and racial and ethnic health equity: Health care, education, employment, and housing in the United States (2018) · cites this paper as Ludwig et al., 2011
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Neighborhoods and Violent Crime: A Multilevel Study of Collective Efficacy
Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S. W., & Earls, F. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.277.5328.918 · Cited by 11,999
The Spread of Obesity in a Large Social Network over 32 Years
Christakis, N. A., & Fowler, J. H. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa066082 · Cited by 5,007
Standards of medical care in diabetes 2010
American Diabetes Association (2010) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc10-s011 · Cited by 3,470
International Expert Committee report on the role of the A1c assay in the diagnosis of diabetes
The International Expert Committee (2009) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc09-9033 · Cited by 3,185
Experimental Analysis of Neighborhood Effects
Kling, J. R., Liebman, J. B., & Katz, L. F. (2007) · Econometrica · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0262.2007.00733.x · Cited by 2,719
Self-citationThe Built Environment and Obesity
Papas, M. A., Alberg, A. J., Ewing, R., Helzlsouer, K. J., Gary, T. L., & Klassen, A. C. (2007) · Epidemiologic Reviews · doi:10.1093/epirev/mxm009 · Cited by 1,078
Accounting for No-Shows in Experimental Evaluation Designs
Bloom, H. S. (1984) · Evaluation Review · doi:10.1177/0193841x8400800205 · Cited by 532
Neighborhood Characteristics and Availability of Healthy Foods in Baltimore
Franco, M., Roux, A. V. D., Glass, T. A., Caballero, B. H., & Brancati, F. L. (2008) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.07.003 · Cited by 447
A new look at screening and diagnosing diabetes mellitus
Saudek, C. D., Herman, W. H., Sacks, D. B., Bergenstal, R. M., Edelman, D., & Davidson, M. B. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2007-2174 · Cited by 432
Collective efficacy and obesity: The potential influence of social factors on health
Cohen, D. A., Finch, B. K., Bower, A., & Sastry, N. (2005) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.06.033 · Cited by 380
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 974
Evolutionary considerations on social status, eating behavior, and obesity
Caldwell, A. E., & Sayer, R. D. (2018) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2018.07.028 · Cited by 54
Springer, A. E., Li, L., Ranjit, N., Delk, J., Mehta, K., & Kelder, S. H. (2015) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/1479-5868-12-s1-s8 · Cited by 53
Socioeconomic Segregation in Large Cities in France and the United States
Quillian, L., & Lagrange, H. (2016) · Demography · doi:10.1007/s13524-016-0491-9 · Cited by 53
Walkable neighborhoods and obesity: Evaluating effects with a propensity score approach
Kowaleski‐Jones, L., Zick, C. D., Smith, K. R., Brown, B. B., Hanson, H. A., & Fan, J. X. (2017) · SSM - Population Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2017.11.005 · Cited by 56
Bilal, U., Jones‐Smith, J. C., Díez, J., Lawrence, R. S., Celentano, D. D., & Franco, M. (2018) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2018.03.004 · Cited by 53
McGuirt, J. T., Pitts, S. J., & Gustafson, A. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10121974 · Cited by 56
Zhang, X., Holt, J. B., Lu, H., Onufrak, S. J., Yang, J., French, S. P., & Sui, D. Z. (2013) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.11.004 · Cited by 52
Phuong, D., Frank, R., & Iceland, J. (2017) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.06.010 · Cited by 52
Arcaya, M. C., Schnake-Mahl, A. S., Binet, A., Simpson, S., Church, M. S., Gavin, V., Coleman, B., Levine, S. E., Nielsen, A., Carroll, L., et al. (2018) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2018.05.014 · Cited by 58
Astell‐Burt, T., Feng, X., Kolt, G. S., & Jalaludin, B. B. (2015) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.05.014 · Cited by 55
Moving and the Neighborhood Glass Ceiling
Sampson, R. J. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1227881 · Cited by 51
Rambotti, S. (2015) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.02.026 · Cited by 52
Obesity and the Food Environment: Income and Ethnicity Differences Among People With Diabetes
Jones‐Smith, J. C., Karter, A. J., Warton, E. M., Kelly, M., Kersten, E. E., Moffet, H. H., Adler, N., Schillinger, D., & Laraia, B. A. (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc12-2190 · Cited by 50
Spencer‐Bonilla, G., Rodríguez‐Gutiérrez, R., & Montori, V. M. (2016) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.2952 · Cited by 52
Handbury, J., Rahkovsky, I. M., & Schnell, M. K. (2015) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w21126 · Cited by 50
The Reconcentration of Poverty: Patterns of Housing Voucher Use, 2000 to 2008
Metzger, M. W. (2014) · Housing Policy Debate · doi:10.1080/10511482.2013.876437 · Cited by 49
Chamberlain, A. M., Sauver, J. L. S., Rutten, L. J. F., Fan, C. L., Jacobson, D. J., Wilson, P. M., Boyd, C. M., & Rocca, W. A. (2022) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.09.006 · Cited by 49
County-level contextual factors associated with diabetes incidence in the United States
Cunningham, S. A., Patel, S. A., Beckles, G. L., Geiss, L. S., Mehta, N. K., Xie, H. W., & Imperatore, G. (2017) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2017.11.002 · Cited by 49
Association of Receipt of a Housing Voucher With Subsequent Hospital Utilization and Spending
Pollack, C. E., Blackford, A. L., Du, S., DeLuca, S., Thornton, R. L. J., & Herring, B. J. (2019) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2019.17432 · Cited by 51
Neighborhoods And Health: Interventions At The Neighborhood Level Could Help Advance Health Equity
Arcaya, M. C., Ellen, I. G., & Steil, J. (2024) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2023.01037 · Cited by 53
Nelson, K. M., Schwartz, G., Hernandez, S. E., Simonetti, J. A., Curtis, I., & Fihn, S. D. (2016) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-016-3905-x · Cited by 47
Barrientos‐Gutiérrez, T., Moore, K., Auchincloss, A. H., Mujahid, M. S., August, E. T., Sánchez, B. N., & Roux, A. V. D. (2017) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwx186 · Cited by 47
Díaz, A., Lindau, S. T., Obeng‐Gyasi, S., Dimick, J. B., Scott, J. W., & Ibrahim, A. M. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.53620 · Cited by 46
Self-citationAdversity in preschool-aged children: Effects on salivary interleukin-1β
Tyrka, A. R., Parade, S. H., Valentine, T. R., Eslinger, N. M., & Seifer, R. (2015) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579415000164 · Cited by 48
Carlson, D. E., HAVEMAN, R. H., Kaplan, T. J., & Wolfe, B. L. (2012) · Journal of Housing Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jhe.2012.04.004 · Cited by 45
Ku, B. S., Pauselli, L., Manseau, M. W., & Compton, M. T. (2020) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2019.12.036 · Cited by 45
Takagi, D., Kondo, K., Kondo, N., Cable, N., Ikeda, K., & Kawachi, I. I. (2013) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.01.001 · Cited by 45
Bostic, R. W., Thornton, R. L. J., Rudd, E. C., & Sternthal, M. J. (2012) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2011.1014 · Cited by 44
Socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular disease: a causal perspective
Bann, D., Wright, L., Hughes, A. D., & Chaturvedi, N. (2023) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-023-00941-8 · Cited by 46
Social Epidemiology of Diabetes and Associated Conditions
Gary‐Webb, T. L., Suglia, S. F., & Tehranifar, P. (2013) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-013-0427-3 · Cited by 47
Racial disparities in poverty account for mortality differences in US medicare beneficiaries
Kimmel, P. L., Fwu, C., Abbott, K. C., Ratner, J. B., & Eggers, P. W. (2016) · SSM - Population Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.02.003 · Cited by 44
Diabetes and the Built Environment: Evidence and Policies
Amuda, A. T., & Berkowitz, S. A. (2019) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-019-1162-1 · Cited by 44
Abbas, A., Hyer, J. M., & Pawlik, T. M. (2020) · Annals of Surgical Oncology · doi:10.1245/s10434-020-09227-6 · Cited by 44
The effects of housing and neighborhood conditions on child mortality
Jacob, B. A., Ludwig, J., & Miller, D. L. (2012) · Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2012.10.008 · Cited by 44
Self-citationJohnson, A. M., Johnson, A. C., Hines, R. B., & Bayakly, R. A. (2016) · Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-1126 · Cited by 44
Improving Current Practice in Reviews of the Built Environment and Physical Activity
Gebel, K., Ding, D., Foster, C. E., Bauman, A. E., & Sallis, J. F. (2014) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-014-0273-8 · Cited by 44
Urban Poverty Traps: Neighbourhoods and Violent Victimisation and Offending in Nairobi, Kenya
Parks, M. J. (2013) · Urban Studies · doi:10.1177/0042098013504144 · Cited by 43
Park, J. C., Nam, G. E., Yu, J., McWhorter, K. L., Liu, J., Lee, H. S., Lee, S., & Han, K. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.30024 · Cited by 44
Bitler, M., & Karoly, L. A. (2015) · Journal of Policy Analysis and Management · doi:10.1002/pam.21842 · Cited by 42
Individual and environmental factors associated for overweight in urban population of Brazil
Mendes, L. L., Nogueira, H. G. D. S. M., Padez, C. M. P., Ferrão, M. M., & Velásquez-Meléndez, G. (2013) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-988 · Cited by 42
Randomized Controlled Trials in Environmental Health Research: Unethical or Underutilized?
Allen, R. W., Barn, P. K., & Lanphear, B. P. (2015) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001775 · Cited by 43
Rosas, L. G., Salvo, D., Winter, S. J., Cortes, D., Rivera, J. Á., Rodriguez, N. M., & King, A. C. (2016) · Journal of Urban Health · doi:10.1007/s11524-016-0081-6 · Cited by 42
Conroy, S., Shariff-Marco, S., Yang, J., Hertz, A., Cockburn, M., Shvetsov, Y. B., Clarke, C., Abright, C. L., Haiman, C., Marchand, L. L., et al. (2017) · Cancer Causes and Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-017-0980-1 · Cited by 44
What should governments be doing to prevent diabetes throughout the life course?
Timpel, P., Harst, L., Reifegerste, D., Blüher, S., & Schwarz, P. E. H. (2019) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-019-4941-y · Cited by 42
The average and distributional effects of teenage adversity on long-term health
Gong, J., Lu, Y., & Xie, H. (2020) · Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2020.102288 · Cited by 45
Collinson, R. A., Ellen, I. G., & Ludwig, J. (2016) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226392523.003.0002 · Cited by 42
Self-citationZhu, Y., Duan, M.-J., Riphagen, I. J., Minović, I., Mierau, J. O., Carrero, J. J., Bakker, S. J. L., Navis, G. J., & Dekker, L. H. (2021) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyab079 · Cited by 42
Peters, A., & McEwen, B. S. (2011) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.12.019 · Cited by 44
Mizuno, S., Nishigori, H., Sugiyama, T., Takahashi, F., Iwama, N., Watanabe, Z., Sakurai, K., Ishikuro, M., Obara, T., Tatsuta, N., et al. (2016) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2016.07.020 · Cited by 42
Drewnowski, A., Arterburn, D. E., Zane, J. I., Aggarwal, A., Gupta, S., Hurvitz, P. M., Moudon, A. V., Bobb, J. F., Cook, A. J., Lozano, P., et al. (2018) · SSM - Population Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.100345 · Cited by 44
No Man is an Island: The Impact of Neighborhood Disadvantage on Mortality
Gaskin, D. J., Roberts, E. T., Chan, K. S., McCleary, R. R., Buttorff, C., & Delarmente, B. A. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16071265 · Cited by 41
Neighborhood poverty and children's food insecurity
Morrissey, T. W., Oellerich, D., Meade, E., Simms, J., & Stock, A. M. (2016) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.05.006 · Cited by 41
Environments Perceived as Obesogenic Have Lower Residential Property Values
Drewnowski, A., Aggarwal, A., Rehm, C. D., Cohen‐Cline, H., Hurvitz, P. M., & Moudon, A. V. (2014) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.006 · Cited by 40
Jack, L., Jack, N. H., & Hayes, S. C. (2012) · Diabetes Spectrum · doi:10.2337/diaspect.25.1.9 · Cited by 40
Socioeconomic Status, Risk of Obesity, and the Importance of Albert J. Stunkard
Pavela, G., Lewis, D., Locher, J. L., & Allison, D. B. (2016) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-015-0185-4 · Cited by 43
Neighborhood Disadvantage and Telomere Length: Results from the Fragile Families Study
Massey, D. S., Wagner, B., Donnelly, L., McLanahan, S., Jeanne Brooks-gunn, B., Garfinkel, I., Mitchell, C., & Notterman, D. A. (2018) · RSF The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences · doi:10.7758/rsf.2018.4.4.02 · Cited by 41
Schwartz, H. L., Mihály, K., & Gala, B. (2016) · Housing Policy Debate · doi:10.1080/10511482.2016.1212247 · Cited by 42
Community Socioeconomic Deprivation and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Severity
Orkin, S. H., Brokamp, C., Yodoshi, T., Trout, A. T., Liu, C., Meryum, S., Taylor, S. C., Wolfe, C., Sheridan, R. M., Seth, A., et al. (2019) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000002527 · Cited by 40
Low-Income Housing PolicyPreprint
Collinson, R. A., Ellen, I. G., & Ludwig, J. (2015) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2693265 · Cited by 40
Self-citationNeighborhoods Matter: Assessing the Evidence for Place Effects
Chyn, E. T., & Katz, L. (2021) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w28953 · Cited by 42
Self-citationSocial Determinants of Health: An Overview for the Primary Care Provider
Morelli, V. (2023) · Primary Care Clinics in Office Practice · doi:10.1016/j.pop.2023.04.004 · Cited by 39
Lifestyle interventions for cardiometabolic health
Rutters, F., den Braver, N. R., Lakerveld, J., Mackenbach, J. D., van der Ploeg, H. P., Griffin, S. J., Elders, P. J. M., & Beulens, J. W. J. (2024) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-024-03373-0 · Cited by 44
Community violence and cellular and cytokine indicators of inflammation in adolescents
Finegood, E. D., Chen, E., Kish, J. L., Vause, K. J., Leigh, A. K. K., Hoffer, L. C., & Miller, G. E. (2020) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104628 · Cited by 39
Association Of Neighborhood Disadvantage With Racial Disparities In COVID-19 Positivity In Chicago
Tung, E. L., Peek, M. E., Rivas, M. A., Yang, J. P., & Volerman, A. (2021) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2021.00695 · Cited by 39
Continuity and change in neighborhood disadvantage and adolescent depression and anxiety
King, C., Huang, X., & Dewan, N. A. (2021) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102724 · Cited by 39
Housing Programs Fail to Deliver on Neighborhood Quality, Reexamined
McClure, K., & Johnson, B. J. (2014) · Housing Policy Debate · doi:10.1080/10511482.2014.944201 · Cited by 38
Lippert, A. M., Evans, C. R., Razak, F. A., & Subramanian, S. V. (2016) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kww206 · Cited by 38
Health by Design: Interweaving Health Promotion into Environments and Settings
Springer, A. E., Evans, A. E., Ortuño, J., Salvo, D., & Arévalo, M. T. V. (2017) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2017.00268 · Cited by 42
Bilal, U., Hill‐Briggs, F., Perruca, L. S., del Cura-González, I., & Franco, M. (2018) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-021143 · Cited by 41
Neighborhood Disadvantage and Hospital Quality Ratings in the Medicare Hospital Compare Program
Fahrenbach, J. P., Chin, M. H., Huang, E. S., Springman, M. K., Weber, S. G., & Tung, E. L. (2019) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0000000000001283 · Cited by 38
Pearson, A. L., Clevenger, K. A., Horton, T. H., Gardiner, J. C., Asana, V., Dougherty, B. V., & Pfeiffer, K. A. (2021) · International Journal of Health Geographics · doi:10.1186/s12942-021-00271-3 · Cited by 40
Proximity effects in obesity rates in the US: A Spatial Markov Chains approach.
Agovino, M., Crociata, A., & Sacco, P. (2019) · Social Science & Medicine (1967) · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.11.013 · Cited by 37
Area Deprivation Index as a Surrogate of Resilience in Aging and Dementia
Vassilaki, M. E., Petersen, R. C., & Vemuri, P. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.930415 · Cited by 37
Park, S. H., Nicolaou, M., Dickens, B. S. L., Yang, Q., Tan, K. W., & van Dam, R. M. (2020) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22995 · Cited by 37
Egede, L. E., Walker, R. J., Linde, S., Campbell, J. A., Dawson, A. Z., Williams, J. S., & Ozieh, M. N. (2022) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2022.00236 · Cited by 37
Charreire, H., Feuillet, T., Roda, C., Mackenbach, J. D., Compernolle, S., Glonti, K., Bárdos, H., Vaillant, M. L., Rutter, H., McKee, M., et al. (2016) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12380 · Cited by 37
Human brain anatomy reflects separable genetic and environmental components of socioeconomic status
Kweon, H., Aydogan, G., Dagher, A., Bzdok, D., Ruff, C. C., Nave, G., Farah, M. J., & Koellinger, P. D. (2022) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abm2923 · Cited by 36
Evaluating Diabetes Health Policies Using Natural Experiments
Ackermann, R., Duru, O., Albu, J., Schmittdiel, J., Soumerai, S., Wharam, J., Ali, M. K., Mangione, C., & Gregg, E. (2015) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.12.010 · Cited by 38
Health Selection into Neighborhoods Among Families in the Moving to Opportunity Program
Arcaya, M. C., Graif, C., Waters, M. C., & Subramanian, S. V. (2015) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwv189 · Cited by 39
Yelin, E. H., Trupin, L. S., Bunde, J., & Yazdany, J. (2018) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/acr.23599 · Cited by 41
Joost, S., Duruz, S., Marques-Vidal, P. M., Bochud, M., Stringhini, S., Paccaud, F., Gaspoz, J., Theler, J., Chételat, J., Waeber, G., et al. (2016) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010145 · Cited by 36
Sichling, F., & Roth, B. J. (2016) · Ethnic and Racial Studies · doi:10.1080/01419870.2016.1201584 · Cited by 35
Duque, R. B. (2020) · Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities · doi:10.1007/s40615-020-00857-w · Cited by 35
[Inequalities in health: definitions, concepts, and theories].
Arcaya, M. C., Arcaya, A. L., & Subramanian, S. V. (2015) · PubMed · Cited by 34
Berglund, E., Lytsy, P., & Westerling, R. (2019) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/hsc.12758 · Cited by 34
Park, S., Zachary, W. W., Gittelsohn, J., Quinn, C. C., & Surkan, P. J. (2020) · The Science of Diabetes Self-Management and Care · doi:10.1177/0145721720906082 · Cited by 34
Ethnic and Racial Disparities in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Simon, S. T., & Ho, P. M. (2020) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-020-01351-9 · Cited by 38
Rautava, S., Turta, O., Vahtera, J., Pentti, J., Mika Kivimaki, B., Pearce, J., Kawachi, I. I., Rautava, P., & Lagström, H. (2021) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ede.0000000000001420 · Cited by 34
Bottini, L. (2018) · Cities · doi:10.1016/j.cities.2018.03.020 · Cited by 38
Wan, W., Li, V., Chin, M. H., Faldmo, D. N., Hoefling, E., Proser, M., & Weir, R. C. (2022) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2022.04.200462 · Cited by 33
Landrine, H., & Corral, I. (2014) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2014.00282 · Cited by 33
The Next Generation of Obesity Research
Rodgers, G. P., & Collins, F. S. (2012) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/2012.jama.11853 · Cited by 33
Danos, D., Ferguson, T. F., Simonsen, N., Leonardi, C., Yu, Q., Wu, X., & Scribner, R. A. (2018) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2018.02.004 · Cited by 33
The Biological and Biographical Basis of Precision Medicine
Lobitz, G. R., Armstrong, K., Concato, J., Singer, B. H., & Horwitz, R. I. (2019) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000502486 · Cited by 33
Effects of gentrification on health status after Hurricane Katrina
Schnake-Mahl, A. S., Sommers, B. D., Subramanian, S. V., Waters, M. C., & Arcaya, M. C. (2019) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102237 · Cited by 36
Is Geographic Socioeconomic Disadvantage Associated with the Rate of THA in Medicare-aged Patients?
Rahman, R., Canner, J. K., Haut, E. R., & Humbyrd, C. J. (2020) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/corr.0000000000001493 · Cited by 33
Castro, C. V. (2022) · Journal of Hydrology X · doi:10.1016/j.hydroa.2022.100127 · Cited by 33
Goodman, W. B., Dodge, K. A., Bai, Y., O’Donnell, K. J., & Murphy, R. A. (2019) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579419000889 · Cited by 33
Basu, S., & Narayanaswamy, R. (2019) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0000000000001147 · Cited by 33
Can health equity survive epidemiology? Standards of proof and social determinants of health
Schrecker, T. (2013) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.08.013 · Cited by 32
Metadata
- Authors
- Ludwig, J., Sanbonmatsu, L., Gennetian, L., Adam, E., Duncan, G. J., Katz, L. F., Kessler, R. C., Kling, J. R., Lindau, S. T., Whitaker, R. C., & McDade, T. W.
- Affiliations
- National Bureau of Economic Research (US)
- Brookings Institution (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Congressional Budget Office (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Temple University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- New England Journal of Medicine
- Publisher
- Massachusetts Medical Society
- Published
- 2011-10-20
- Volume
- 365
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 1509-1519
- ISSN
- 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
- 1533-4406
- PMC
- PMC3410541
- OpenAlex
- W2116429669
- Cited by
- 964
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 79 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 70 · 2019: 67 · 2018: 80 · 2017: 64 · 2016: 83 · 2015: 73 · 2014: 64 · 2013: 59 · 2012: 41
- FWCI
- 57.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (0527615)
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation
- Annie E. Casey Foundation
- Russell Sage Foundation
- Smith Richardson Foundation
- Sid W. Richardson Foundation
- Spencer Foundation
- Sage Foundation
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Pfizer
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Sanofi
- PepsiCo
- SRA International
- Kaiser Permanente
- University of Chicago
- University of Michigan
- Janssen Scientific Affairs
- National Institutes of Health (R01-HD040444)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (R49CE000906)
- Institute of Education Sciences (R305U070006)
- Center for Health Administration Studies
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of North Carolina
- National Institute on Aging (P30AG012857, R01AG031259, R56AG031259, P01-AG005842-22S1, AG005842, K23AG032870, P01AG005842)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH077026)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD040444, R01HD040404, R24HD051152)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- neighborhood environment, neighborhood poverty, obesity, diabetes mellitus, housing vouchers, public housing, body mass index, HbA1c, morbid obesity, community-level interventions, social experiment, women with children, urban poverty, health disparities, social determinants of health, long-term follow-up
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Obesity, Poverty Areas, Residence Characteristics, Social Conditions
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
