The DOI matches its Crossref record; 50 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Models of the Multinational Enterprise
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Exporting offers a high degree of international business flexibility -the ability to change systems and approaches quickly and cost-effectively - a critical consideration in evolving foreign markets (Buckley and Casson, 1998).”
From Innovation, organizational capabilities, and the born-global firm (2004) · cites this paper as Buckley and Casson, 1998
In the citing paper
“High levels of uncertainty favor the selection of flexible strategies, since mistakes are easier to put right (Buckley & Casson, 1998).”
From The theory and empirics of the structural reshaping of globalization (2020) · cites this paper as Buckley & Casson, 1998
Citations
Cites
An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change.
Loasby, B. J., Nelson, R. R., & Winter, S. G. (1983) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.2307/2232409 · Cited by 21,426
The Competitive Advantage of Nations
Clark, T. W., & Porter, M. (1991) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.2307/1251962 · Cited by 17,454
Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J.-E. (1977) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490676 · Cited by 10,861
The Eclectic Paradigm of International Production: A Restatement and Some Possible Extensions
Dunning, J. (1988) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490372 · Cited by 4,660
The Future of the Multinational Enterprise
Buckley, P. J., & Casson, M. (1976) · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-02899-3 · Cited by 4,478
Self-citationKnowledge of the Firm and the Evolutionary Theory of the Multinational Corporation
Kogut, B., & Zander, U. (1993) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490248 · Cited by 3,967
Towards a dynamic theory of strategy
Porter, M. E. (1991) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/smj.4250121008 · Cited by 3,950
Joint Ventures and the Option to Expand and Acquire
Kogut, B. (1991) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.37.1.19 · Cited by 1,375
Development, Geography, and Economic Theory
Miller, E. W., & Krugman, P. (1998) · Economic Geography · doi:10.2307/144349 · Cited by 1,290
Operating Flexibility, Global Manufacturing, and the Option Value of a Multinational Network
Kogut, B., & Kulatilaka, N. (1994) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.40.1.123 · Cited by 1,131
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J. (2009) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/jibs.2009.24 · Cited by 4,751
Innovation, organizational capabilities, and the born-global firm
Knight, G. A., & Cavusgil, S. T. (2004) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400071 · Cited by 3,013
The eclectic paradigm as an envelope for economic and business theories of MNE activity
Dunning, J. H. (2000) · International Business Review · doi:10.1016/s0969-5931(99)00035-9 · Cited by 1,874
The Eclectic (OLI) Paradigm of International Production: Past, Present and Future
Dunning, J. H. (2001) · International Journal of the Economics of Business · doi:10.1080/13571510110051441 · Cited by 1,560
Global supply chain risk management strategies
Manuj, I., & Mentzer, J. T. (2008) · International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management · doi:10.1108/09600030810866986 · Cited by 1,278
Metadata
- Authors
- Buckley, P. J., & Casson, M. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Leeds (GB)
- University of Reading (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of International Business Studies
- Published
- 1998-03
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 21-44
- ISSN
- 0047-2506 (ISSN-L)
- 1478-6990
- OpenAlex
- W1984934316
- Cited by
- 507
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 69.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of International Business Studies (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › International Business and FDI
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › General Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Global trade and economics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Innovation and Knowledge Management
- Keywords
- multinational enterprise, flexibility, factor markets, firm location, internationalization
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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