Behavior of Thermoset Shape Memory Polymer-Based Syntactic Foam Sealant Trained by Hybrid Two-Stage Programming
Abstract
Recently, a shape memory polymer-based self-healing syntactic foam was proposed and tested as a sealant for expansion joints. The key for success is to train the foam by using a two-dimensional (2D) stress condition (compression in the horizontal or traffic direction and tension in the vertical direction) at a temperature above the glass transition temperature (Tg). However, for practical applications, programming a full-size slab of sealant with a 2D stress condition and under temperature control is not a trivial task. This study demonstrated that the programming with a one-stage 2D stress condition can be replaced by a sequential two-stage one-dimensional (1D) stress condition. To further simplify the programming process, 1D tension programming was conducted at a temperature above the Tg, followed by 1D compression programming at a temperature below the Tg (cold compression). The test results show that the hybrid programming leads to similar shape memory behavior as long as the prestrain level in the two programing is similar or the prestrain absolutely predominates in one direction. Otherwise, the sealant exhibits a two-stage recovery: it recovers first in the direction with larger prestrain, followed by the direction with smaller presrtain, regardless of the programming sequence.
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Alternative methods for creating multiple, well-separated switching transitions in one system consist of laminating two SMPs with well-separated transition temperatures or developing hybrid SMPs with multiple thermal transitions.
“Alternative methods for creating multiple, well-separated switching transitions in one system consist of laminating two SMPs which have well-separated transition temperatures [76,77] or of developing hybrid SMPs with multiple thermal transitions [78-81].”
From Two-Way and Multiple-Way Shape Memory Polymers for Soft Robotics: An Overview (2020) · cites this paper as [79]
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- Authors
- Li, G., King, A., Xu, T., & Huang, X.
- Affiliations
- Louisiana State University (US)
- Southeast University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Guoqiang
- Venue
- Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
- Published
- 2013-03
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 393-402
- ISSN
- 0899-1561 (ISSN-L)
- 1943-5533
- OpenAlex
- W2134586963
- Cited by
- 44
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 3.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering (publishedVersion)
- Civil War Book Review (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer composites and self-healing
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Advanced Materials and Mechanics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Shape Memory Alloy Transformations
- Keywords
- shape memory polymers, syntactic foam, sealants, expansion joints, hybrid programming, cold compression, pre-strain, glass transition temperature, self-healing materials
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