The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Artificial Atoms
Abstract
The wizardry of modern semiconductor technology makes it possible to fabricate particles of metal or “pools” of electrons in a semiconductor that are only a few hundred angstroms in size. Electrons in these structures can display astounding behavior. Such structures, coupled to electrical leads through tunnel junctions, have been given various names: single-electron transistors, quantum dots, zero-dimensional electron gases and Coulomb islands. In my own mind, however, I regard all of these as artificial atoms—atoms whose effective nuclear charge is controlled by metallic electrodes. Like natural atoms, these small electronic sytems contain a discrete number of electrons and have a discrete spectrum of energy levels. Artificial atoms, however, have a unique and spectacular property: The current through such an atom or the capacitance between its leads can vary by many orders of magnitude when its charge is changed by a single electron. Why this is so, and how we can use this property to measure the level spectrum of an artificial atom, is the subject of this article.
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Citations
Cites
Spatial Variation of Currents and Fields Due to Localized Scatterers in Metallic Conduction
Landauer, R. (1957) · IBM Journal of Research and Development · doi:10.1147/rd.13.0223 · Cited by 3,459
Theory of Coulomb-blockade oscillations in the conductance of a quantum dot
Beenakker, C. W. J. (1991) · Physical Review B · doi:10.1103/physrevb.44.1646 · Cited by 1,471
Observation of single-electron charging effects in small tunnel junctions
Fulton, T. A., & Dolan, G. J. (1987) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.59.109 · Cited by 1,295
Observation of discrete electronic states in a zero-dimensional semiconductor nanostructure
Reed, M., Randall, J., Aggarwal, R., Matyi, R., Moore, T., & Wetsel, A. (1988) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.60.535 · Cited by 1,071
The single-electron transistor
Kastner, M. A. (1992) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.64.849 · Cited by 1,043
Self-citationMeir, Y., Wingreen, N. S., & Lee, P. A. (1991) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.66.3048 · Cited by 680
Frequency-locked turnstile device for single electrons
Geerligs, L. J., Anderegg, V. F., Holweg, P. A. M., Mooij, J. E., Pothier, H., Esteve, D., Urbina, C., & Devoret, M. H. (1990) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.64.2691 · Cited by 521
Quantized current in a quantum-dot turnstile using oscillating tunnel barriers
Kouwenhoven, L. P., Johnson, A. T., van der Vaart, N. C., Harmans, C. J. P. M., & Foxon, C. T. (1991) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.67.1626 · Cited by 453
Self-consistent addition spectrum of a Coulomb island in the quantum Hall regime
McEuen, P. L., Foxman, E. B., Kinaret, J., Meirav, U., Kastner, M. A., Wingreen, N. S., & Wind, S. J. (1992) · Physical Review B · doi:10.1103/physrevb.45.11419 · Cited by 296
Self-citationZero-dimensional states and single electron charging in quantum dots
Johnson, A. T., Kouwenhoven, L. P., de Jong, W., van der Vaart, N. C., Harmans, C. J. P. M., & Foxon, C. T. (1992) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.69.1592 · Cited by 291
Cited by
Synthesis and Characterization of Monodisperse Nanocrystals and Close-Packed Nanocrystal Assemblies
Murray, C. B., Kagan, C. R., & Bawendi, M. G. (2000) · Annual Review of Materials Science · doi:10.1146/annurev.matsci.30.1.545 · Cited by 4,353
Single-electron devices and their applications
Likharev, K. K. (1999) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/5.752518 · Cited by 1,453
Electronic structure of quantum dots
Reimann, S. M., & Manninen, M. (2002) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.74.1283 · Cited by 1,380
Synthesis, structure and properties of metal nanoclusters
Wilcoxon, J. P., & Abrams, B. L. (2006) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/b517312b · Cited by 760
Coherent manipulation of single spins in semiconductors
Hanson, R., & Awschalom, D. D. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07129 · Cited by 503
Metadata
- Authors
- Kastner, M. A.
- Venue
- Physics Today
- Publisher
- AIP Publishing
- Published
- 1993-01-01
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 24-31
- ISSN
- 0031-9228 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-0699
- OpenAlex
- W4236036978
- Cited by
- 874
- References
- 11
- FWCI
- 17.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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