Understanding plant responses to drought—from genes to the whole plant.

Chaves, Manuela M.; Maroco, João P.; Pereira, João S.

doi:10.1071/fp02076

Cited by 3,845Plant Stress Responses and TolerancePlant Water Relations and Carbon DynamicsTurfgrass Adaptation and Management

Understanding plant responses to drought—from genes to the whole plant.

Chaves, Manuela M., Maroco, João P., Pereira, João S.·2003·Functional Plant Biology

DOI 10.1071/fp02076

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Abstract

In the last decade, our understanding of the processes underlying plant response to drought, at the molecular and whole-plant levels, has rapidly progressed. Here, we review that progress. We draw attention to the perception and signalling processes (chemical and hydraulic) of water deficits. Knowledge of these processes is essential for a holistic understanding of plant resistance to stress, which is needed to improve crop management and breeding techniques. Hundreds of genes that are induced under drought have been identified. A range of tools, from gene expression patterns to the use of transgenic plants, is being used to study the specific function of these genes and their role in plant acclimation or adaptation to water deficit. However, because plant responses to stress are complex, the functions of many of the genes are still unknown. Many of the traits that explain plant adaptation to drought — such as phenology, root size and depth, hydraulic conductivity and the storage of reserves — are those associated with plant development and structure, and are constitutive rather than stress induced. But a large part of plant resistance to drought is the ability to get rid of excess radiation, a concomitant stress under natural conditions. The nature of the mechanisms responsible for leaf photoprotection, especially those related to thermal dissipation, and oxidative stress are being actively researched. The new tools that operate at molecular, plant and ecosystem levels are revolutionising our understanding of plant response to drought, and our ability to monitor it. Techniques such as genome-wide tools, proteomics, stable isotopes and thermal or fluorescence imaging may allow the genotype–phenotype gap to be bridged, which is essential for faster progress in stress biology research.

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Decreased stomatal conductance and mesophyll conductance under water deficit limit the CO2 concentration at the Rubisco site in the mesophyll cells of C3 species and in the bundle-sheath cells of C4 species.
“Decreased gs and gm under WD have been shown to limit the CO2 concentration at the Rubisco site in the mesophyll cells (Cc) of C3 species and in the bundle-sheet cells (Cs) in C4 species (Flexas and Medrano, 2002a; Chaves et al., 2003; Ghannoum, 2009; Lopes et al., 2011).”
From Rubisco and Rubisco Activase Play an Important Role in the Biochemical Limitations of Photosynthesis in Rice, Wheat, and Maize under High Temperature and Water Deficit (2017) · cites this paper as Chaves et al., 2003

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The Role of the Plant Antioxidant System in Drought Tolerance
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Phytohormones and Beneficial Microbes: Essential Components for Plants to Balance Stress and Fitness
Egamberdieva, D., Wirth, S. J., Alqarawi, A. A., Allah, E. F. A., & Hashem, A. (2017) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02104 · Cited by 851 · see citing works
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Munné‐Bosch, S., & Alegre, L. (2004) · Functional Plant Biology · doi:10.1071/fp03236 · Cited by 743 · see citing works
Drought Stress Tolerance in Wheat and Barley: Advances in Physiology, Breeding and Genetics Research
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Plant responses to drought and rewatering
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Plant survival under drought stress: Implications, adaptive responses, and integrated rhizosphere management strategy for stress mitigation
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Phenotyping common beans for adaptation to drought
Beebe, S., Rao, I. M., Blair, M. W., & Acosta-Gallegos, J. A. (2013) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2013.00035 · Cited by 549 · see citing works
Is photosynthesis limited by decreased Rubisco activity and RuBP content under progressive water stress?
Bota, J., Medrano, H., & Flexas, J. (2004) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01056.x · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Melatonin mediates the regulation of ABA metabolism, free-radical scavenging, and stomatal behaviour in two Malus species under drought stress
Li, C., Tan, D., Liang, D., Chang, C., Jia, D., & Ma, F. (2014) · Journal of Experimental Botany · doi:10.1093/jxb/eru476 · Cited by 544 · see citing works
Genetic and genomic tools to improve drought tolerance in wheat
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Heat Shock Proteins: Dynamic Biomolecules to Counter Plant Biotic and Abiotic Stresses
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Early Flowering as a Drought Escape Mechanism in Plants: How Can It Aid Wheat Production?
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Impacts of Drought on Photosynthesis in Major Food Crops and the Related Mechanisms of Plant Responses to Drought
Qiao, M., Hong, C., Jiao, Y., Hou, S., & Gao, H. (2024) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants13131808 · Cited by 509 · see citing works
The drought environment: physical, biological and agricultural perspectives
Passioura, J. B. (2006) · Journal of Experimental Botany · doi:10.1093/jxb/erl212 · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Impacts of Drought and/or Heat Stress on Physiological, Developmental, Growth, and Yield Processes of Crop Plants
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Bacterial-mediated drought tolerance: Current and future prospects
Ngumbi, E., & Kloepper, J. W. (2016) · Applied Soil Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.04.009 · Cited by 495 · see citing works
Differential sensitivity of C3 and C4 plants to water deficit stress: Association with oxidative stress and antioxidants
Nayyar, H., & Gupta, D. (2006) · Environmental and Experimental Botany · doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2005.06.021 · Cited by 491 · see citing works
NAC transcription factors in plant multiple abiotic stress responses: progress and prospects
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Primary antioxidant free radical scavenging and redox signaling pathways in higher plant cells
Shao, H.-B., Chu, L.-Y., Lu, Z.-H., & Kang, C.-M. (2008) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.4.8 · Cited by 480 · see citing works
Drought Tolerance in Wheat
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Deficit Irrigation as a Strategy to Save Water: Physiology and Potential Application to Horticulture
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Drought-adaptive traits derived from wheat wild relatives and landraces
Reynolds, M. P., Dreccer, M. F., & Trethowan, R. M. (2006) · Journal of Experimental Botany · doi:10.1093/jxb/erl250 · Cited by 459 · see citing works
Identification of Genes Involved in the Response of Arabidopsis to Simultaneous Biotic and Abiotic Stresses
Atkinson, N. J., Lilley, C. J., & Urwin, P. E. (2013) · PLANT PHYSIOLOGY · doi:10.1104/pp.113.222372 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Expansins: roles in plant growth and potential applications in crop improvement
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Abiotic Stress Responses in Plants
Ahmad, P., & Prasad, M. N. V. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-0634-1 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Hydraulic adjustment of Scots pine across Europe
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Cytokinin‐mediated source/sink modifications improve drought tolerance and increase grain yield in rice under water‐stress
Peleg, Z., Reguera, M., Tumimbang-Raiz, E., Walia, H., & Blumwald, E. (2011) · Plant Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1467-7652.2010.00584.x · Cited by 439 · see citing works
Partitioning of assimilates to deeper roots is associated with cooler canopies and increased yield under drought in wheat
Lopes, M. S., & Reynolds, M. P. (2010) · Functional Plant Biology · doi:10.1071/fp09121 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Decreased Rubisco activity during water stress is not induced by decreased relative water content but related to conditions of low stomatal conductance and chloroplast CO2 concentration
Flexas, J., Ribas‐Carbó, M., Bota, J., Galmés, J., Henkle, M., MARTÍNEZ‐CAÑELLAS, S. F., & Medrano, H. (2006) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01794.x · Cited by 430 · see citing works
Osmotic adjustment and plant adaptation to environmental changes related to drought and salinity
Chen, H., & Jiang, J. (2010) · Environmental Reviews · doi:10.1139/a10-014 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Salinity Stress in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Changing Climate: Adaptation and Management Strategies
Sabagh, A. E., Islam, M. S., Skalický, M., Raza, M. A., Singh, K., Hossain, M. A., Hossain, A., Mahboob, W., Iqbal, M. A., Ratnasekera, D., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Agronomy · doi:10.3389/fagro.2021.661932 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Drought-induced changes in development and function of grapevine (Vitis spp.) organs and in their hydraulic and non-hydraulic interactions at the whole-plant level: a physiological and molecular update
Lovisolo, C., Perrone, I., Carra, A. M., Ferrandino, A., Flexas, J., Medrano, H., & Schubert, A. (2010) · Functional Plant Biology · doi:10.1071/fp09191 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Contrasting responses of water use efficiency to drought across global terrestrial ecosystems
Yang, Y., Guan, H., Batelaan, O., McVicar, T. R., Long, D., Piao, S. L., Liang, W., Liu, B., Jin, Z., & Simmons, C. T. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep23284 · Cited by 425 · see citing works
Understanding water deficit stress-induced changes in the basic metabolism of higher plants – biotechnologically and sustainably improving agriculture and the ecoenvironment in arid regions of the globe
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Selenium Pretreatment Upregulates the Antioxidant Defense and Methylglyoxal Detoxification System and Confers Enhanced Tolerance to Drought Stress in Rapeseed Seedlings
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Authors: Chaves, M. M., Maroco, J. P., & Pereira, J. S.
Affiliations: Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (PT)
ORCID: Pereira, João S.
Venue: Functional Plant Biology
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Published: 2003-03-14
Volume: 30
Issue: 3
Pages: 239-264
ISSN: 1445-4408 (ISSN-L)
1445-4416
DOI: 10.1071/fp02076
OpenAlex: W2099524720
Cited by: 3,845
References: 242
Citations by year: 2026: 177 · 2025: 189 · 2024: 186 · 2023: 221 · 2022: 237 · 2021: 263 · 2020: 236 · 2019: 262 · 2018: 210 · 2017: 185 · 2016: 249 · 2015: 188 · 2014: 240 · 2013: 199 · 2012: 176
FWCI: 47.34
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: doi.org/10.1071/journalslicense (vor, 8075 d)
Locations: Functional Plant Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
Keywords: drought stress, plant responses to drought, drought-inducible genes, plant acclimation, photoprotection, non-photochemical quenching, oxidative stress, root architecture, hydraulic conductivity, reserve storage, phenology, transgenic plants, drought tolerance breeding

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Understanding plant responses to drought—from genes to the whole plant.

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