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An S -nitrosothiol (SNO) synthase function of hemoglobin that utilizes nitrite as a substrate
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) act as O(2)-responsive transducers of vasodilator and vasoconstrictor activity in lungs and tissues by regulating the availability of nitric oxide (NO). Vasodilation by RBCs is impaired in diseases characterized by hypoxemia. We have proposed that the extent to which RBCs constrict vs. dilate vessels is, at least partly, controlled by a partitioning between NO bound to heme iron and to Cysbeta93 thiol of hemoglobin (Hb). Hemes sequester NO, whereas thiols deploy NO bioactivity. In recent work, we have suggested that specific micropopulations of NO-liganded Hb could support the chemistry of S-nitrosohemoglobin (SNO-Hb) formation. Here, by using nitrite as the source of NO, we demonstrate that a (T state) micropopulation of a heme-NO species, with spectral and chemical properties of Fe(III)NO, acts as a precursor to SNO-Hb formation, accompanying the allosteric transition of Hb to the R state. We also show that at physiological concentrations of nitrite and deoxyHb, a S-nitrosothiol precursor is formed within seconds and produces SNO-Hb in high yield upon its prompt exposure to O(2) or CO. Deoxygenation/reoxygenation cycling of oxyHb in the presence of physiological amounts of nitrite also efficiently produces SNO-Hb. In contrast, high amounts of nitrite or delays in reoxygenation inhibit the production of SNO-Hb. Collectively, our data provide evidence for a physiological S-nitrosothiol synthase activity of tetrameric Hb that depends on NO-Hb micropopulations and suggest that dysfunction of this activity may contribute to the pathophysiology of cardiopulmonary and blood disorders.
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“Several proposed mechanisms have been constructed to explain how nitrite-derived bioactivity can be exported from the red blood cell and these generally involve either a compartment model with submembrane localization of the reaction allowing for inefficient free NO escape, or the formation of another nitrogen oxide such as a nitrosothiol or N2O3 that can get out of the red blood cell and carry NO”
From Mechanisms of nitrite bioactivation (2014) · cites this paper as [50]
In the citing paper
“exogenous administration of nitrite correlates with increased levels of S-nitrosothiols in red blood cells and other tissues both in vivo and in vitro [25, 43, 46-53].”
From Current perspectives and challenges in understanding the role of nitrite as an integral player in nitric oxide biology and therapy (2011) · cites this paper as [46]
In the citing paper
“Many reports show that nitrite supplementation to intact organisms is associated with a widespread increase in the concentration of this anion and production of NO-derived species such as S-nitrosothiols or nitrosylhemes in several tissues[25, 43, 46, 48, 49, 96].”
From Current perspectives and challenges in understanding the role of nitrite as an integral player in nitric oxide biology and therapy (2011) · cites this paper as [46]
In the citing paper
“A potential mechanism by which nitrite could induce cGMP-independent effects is S-nitrosation of cysteine residues, which is being increasingly recognized as a potential nitrite-induced post-translational modification that can alter protein function[17, 43, 46, 47, 51, 96].”
From Current perspectives and challenges in understanding the role of nitrite as an integral player in nitric oxide biology and therapy (2011) · cites this paper as [46]
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Citations
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Metadata
- Authors
- Angelo, M., Singel, D. J., & Stamler, J. S.
- Affiliations
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- Montana State University (US)
- Duke University (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2006-05-30
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 8366-8371
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W1989100763
- Cited by
- 233
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 12.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P01HL042444, R01 HL42444)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Hemoglobin structure and function
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
- Keywords
- hemoglobin, S-nitrosohemoglobin, nitrite, nitric oxide, T state, allosteric transition, R state, erythrocytes, vasodilation, hypoxemia
- MeSH terms
- Hemoglobins, Humans, Iron, Nitrites, Oxygen, Spectrum Analysis, Substrate Specificity, S-Nitrosothiols
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