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Cited by 267interferon and immune responsesNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsImmune Response and Inflammation

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Neurons produce type I interferon during viral encephalitis

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Delhaye, Sophie, Paul, Sophie, Blakqori, Gjon, Minet, Muriel, Weber, Friedemann, Staeheli, Peter, Michiels, Thomas·2006·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1073/pnas.0602460103PMC PMC1458506
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Abstract

Type I interferons, also referred to as IFN-α/β, form the first line of defense against viral infections. Major IFN-α/β producers in the periphery are the plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). Constitutive expression of the IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-7 enables pDCs to rapidly synthesize large amounts of IFN-α/β after viral infection. In the central nervous system (CNS), pDCs are considered to be absent from the parenchyma, and little is known about the cells producing IFN-α/β. The study presented here aimed to identify the cells producing IFN-α/β in the CNS in vivo after infection by neurotropic viruses such as Theiler's virus and La Crosse virus. No cells with high constitutive expression of IRF-7 were detected in the CNS of uninfected mice, suggesting the absence of cells equivalent to pDCs. Upon viral infection, IFN-β and some subtypes of IFN-α, but not IFN-ε or IFN-κ, were transcriptionally up-regulated. IFN-α/β was predominantly produced by scattered parenchymal cells and much less by cells of inflammatory foci. Interestingly, in addition to some macrophages and ependymal cells, neurons turned out to be important producers of both IFN-α and IFN-β. However, only 3% of the infected neurons produced IFN-α/β, suggesting that some restriction to IFN-α/β production existed in these cells. All CNS cell types analyzed, including neurons, were able to respond to type I IFN by producing Mx or IRF-7. Our data show that, in vivo , neurons take an active part to the antiviral defense by being both IFN-α/β producers and responders.

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  1. N. U. Khan, K. A. Pulford, M. A. Farquharson, A. Howatson, C. Stewart, R. Jackson, A. M. McNicol, A. K. Foulis Immunology 66, 201–206 (1989).
  2. M. K. Njenga, L. R. Pease, P. Wettstein, T. Mak, M. Rodriguez Lab. Invest 77, 71–84 (1997).

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Metadata

Authors
Delhaye, S., Paul, S., Blakqori, G., Minet, M., Weber, F., Staeheli, P., & Michiels, T.
Affiliations
  • de Duve Institute (BE)
  • University of Freiburg (DE)
ORCID
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Published
2006-05-16
Volume
103
Issue
20
Pages
7835-7840
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
DOI
10.1073/pnas.0602460103
PMC
PMC1458506
OpenAlex
W2037012882
Cited by
266
References
36
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 17
FWCI
7.08
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DIAL (Catholic University of Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • Fondation pour l'Aide à la Recherche sur la Sclérose en Plaques
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
  • Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
  • Fondation Charcot
  • Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
Keywords
type I interferon, neurons, viral encephalitis, neurotropic viruses, Theiler's virus, La Crosse virus, IRF7, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, antiviral defense, Mx protein, central nervous system, macrophages, ependymal cells
MeSH terms
Animals, Central Nervous System, Epithelial Cells, Female, Humans, Macrophages, Mice, Inbred Strains, Neurons, Interferon-alpha, Interferon-beta, Encephalitis, Viral, Protein Isoforms, Interferon Regulatory Factor-7, Mice

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