The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Amphiregulin is an essential mediator of estrogen receptor α function in mammary gland development
Open accessAbstract
Most mammary gland development occurs after birth under the control of systemic hormones. Estrogens induce mammary epithelial cell proliferation during puberty via epithelial estrogen receptor α (ERα) by a paracrine mechanism. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling has long been implicated downstream of ERα signaling, and several EGFR ligands have been described as estrogen-target genes in tumor cell lines. Here, we show that amphiregulin is the unique EGF family member to be transcriptionally induced by estrogen in the mammary glands of puberal mice at a time of exponential expansion of the ductal system. In fact, we find that estrogens induce amphiregulin through the ERα and require amphiregulin to induce proliferation of the mammary epithelium. Like ERα, amphiregulin is required in the epithelium of puberal mice for epithelial proliferation, terminal end buds formation, and ductal elongation. Subsequent stages, such as side-branching and alveologenesis, are not affected. When amphiregulin −/− mammary epithelial cells are in close vicinity to wild-type cells, they proliferate and contribute to all cell compartments of the ductal outgrowth. Thus, amphiregulin is an important paracrine mediator of estrogen function specifically required for puberty-induced ductal elongation, but not for any earlier or later developmental stages.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
‘Green mice’ as a source of ubiquitous green cells
Okabe, M., Ikawa, M., Kominami, K., Nakanishi, T., & Nishimune, Y. (1997) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(97)00313-x · Cited by 2,581
Friedrich, G., & Soriano, P. (1991) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.5.9.1513 · Cited by 1,151
Dupont, S., Krust, A., Gansmuller, A., Dierich, A., Chambon, P., & Mark, M. (2000) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.127.19.4277 · Cited by 1,064
DeOme, K. B., Faulkin, L. J., Bern, H. A., & Blair, P. B. (1959) · PubMed · Cited by 993
Harris, R. (2003) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1016/s0014-4827(02)00105-2 · Cited by 776
Dissociation between steroid receptor expression and cell proliferation in the human breast.
Clarke, R. B., Howell, A., Potten, C. S., & Anderson, E. J. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 625
Luetteke, N. C., Qiu, T. H., Fssssenton, S. E., Troyer, K. L., Riedel, R. F., Chang, A., & Lee, D. C. (1999) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.126.12.2739 · Cited by 567
Essential function of Wnt-4 in mammary gland development downstream of progesterone signaling
Brisken, C., Heineman, A., Chavarria, T., Elenbaas, B., Tan, J., Dey, S. K., McMahon, J. A., McMahon, A. P., & Weinberg, R. A. (2000) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.14.6.650 · Cited by 489
Self-citationBates, S. E., Davidson, N. E., Valverius, E. M., Freter, C. E., Dickson, R. B., Tam, J. P., Kudlow, J. E., Lippman, M. E., & Salomon, D. S. (1988) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/mend-2-6-543 · Cited by 434
Mallepell, S., Krust, A., Chambon, P., & Brisken, C. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0510974103 · Cited by 432
Self-citation
Cited by
Control of mammary stem cell function by steroid hormone signalling
Asselin-Labat, M.-L., Vaillant, F., Sheridan, J. M., Pal, B., Wu, D., Simpson, E. R., Yasuda, H., Smyth, G. K., Martin, T. J., Lindeman, G. J., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09027 · Cited by 693
Phenotypic and functional characterisation of the luminal cell hierarchy of the mammary gland
Shehata, M., Teschendorff, A., Sharp, G., Novcic, N., Russell, I. A., Avril, S., Prater, M., Eirew, P., Caldas, C., Watson, C. J., et al. (2012) · Breast Cancer Research · doi:10.1186/bcr3334 · Cited by 306
EGFR family: Structure physiology signalling and therapeutic targets †
Burgess, A. W. (2008) · Growth Factors · doi:10.1080/08977190802312844 · Cited by 288
Sculpting Organs: Mechanical Regulation of Tissue Development
Nelson, C. M., & Gleghorn, J. P. (2012) · Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071811-150043 · Cited by 130
Human Breast Progenitor Cell Numbers Are Regulated by WNT and TBX3
Arendt, L. M., St. Laurent, J., Wronski, A., Caballero, S., Lyle, S. R., Naber, S. P., & Kuperwasser, C. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0111442 · Cited by 27
Metadata
- Authors
- Ciarloni, L., Mallepell, S., & Brisken, C.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2007-03-27
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 5455-5460
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2134318982
- Cited by
- 316
- References
- 46
- FWCI
- 10.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Amphiregulin is an essential mediator of estrogen receptor α function in mammary gland development. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.0611647104
- The paper
- Ciarloni, L., Mallepell, S., & Brisken, C. (2007). Amphiregulin is an essential mediator of estrogen receptor α function in mammary gland development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0611647104
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
