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Ancient bacteria show evidence of DNA repair

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Johnson, Sarah Stewart, Hebsgaard, Martin B., Christensen, Torben R., Mastepanov, Mikhail, Nielsen, Rasmus, Munch, Kasper, Brand, Tina, Gilbert, M. Thomas P., Zuber, Maria T., Bunce, Michael, Rønn, Regin, Gilichinsky, David, Froese, Duane, Willerslev, Eske·2007·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

DOI 10.1073/pnas.0706787104PMC PMC1958816

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Abstract

Recent claims of cultivable ancient bacteria within sealed environments highlight our limited understanding of the mechanisms behind long-term cell survival. It remains unclear how dormancy, a favored explanation for extended cellular persistence, can cope with spontaneous genomic decay over geological timescales. There has been no direct evidence in ancient microbes for the most likely mechanism, active DNA repair, or for the metabolic activity necessary to sustain it. In this paper, we couple PCR and enzymatic treatment of DNA with direct respiration measurements to investigate long-term survival of bacteria sealed in frozen conditions for up to one million years. Our results show evidence of bacterial survival in samples up to half a million years in age, making this the oldest independently authenticated DNA to date obtained from viable cells. Additionally, we find strong evidence that this long-term survival is closely tied to cellular metabolic activity and DNA repair that over time proves to be superior to dormancy as a mechanism in sustaining bacteria viability.

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Authors: Johnson, S. S., Hebsgaard, M. B., Christensen, T. R., Mastepanov, M., Nielsen, R., Munch, K., Brand, T., Gilbert, M. T. P., Zuber, M. T., Bunce, M., Rønn, R., Gilichinsky, D., Froese, D., & Willerslev, E.
Affiliations: University of Copenhagen (DK)
Lund University (SE)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
Murdoch University (AU)
Russian Academy of Sciences (RU)
University of Alberta (CA)
ORCID: Johnson, Sarah Stewart
Christensen, Torben R.
Mastepanov, Mikhail
Nielsen, Rasmus
Munch, Kasper
Gilbert, M. Thomas P.
Zuber, Maria T.
Bunce, Michael
Rønn, Regin
Froese, Duane
Willerslev, Eske
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
Published: 2007-09-04
Volume: 104
Issue: 36
Pages: 14401-14405
ISSN: 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0706787104
PMC: PMC1958816
OpenAlex: W2147486201
Cited by: 292
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 14.16
Type: journal article
Language: en
Update notices: correction (2008-07-29)
correction (2007-12-18)
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Murdoch University Research Portal (submittedVersion)
Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Wellcome Trust
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Polar Research and Ecology
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
Keywords: ancient bacteria, DNA repair, bacterial dormancy, metabolic activity
MeSH terms: Bacteria, Base Sequence, DNA Repair, DNA, Bacterial, Gene Amplification, Molecular Sequence Data, Soil Microbiology

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Ancient bacteria show evidence of DNA repair

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