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Cited by 87

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 32 of the 32 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Hierarchy and social inequality in the American Southwest, A.D. 800–1200

Plog, Stephen, Heitman, Carrie·2010·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1073/pnas.1014985107
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Abstract

Chaco Canyon in northwestern New Mexico has been the focus of much recent archaeological research on Pueblo groups who lived during the 9th through 12th centuries in the American Southwest. Here, we examine variation in mortuary patterns in the canyon, focusing in particular on one mortuary crypt, to address questions of social differentiation and the chronology of important sociopolitical processes. Based on new radiocarbon dates as well as reanalysis of the stratigraphy and spatial distribution of materials in the mortuary crypt, we conclude that significant social differentiation began in Chaco ca . 150–200 y earlier than suggested by previous research. We argue that social inequality was sanctified and legitimized by linking people to founders, ancestors, and cosmological forces.

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Citations

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Show all 32 references

Research works printed but not linked: 24

  1. SH Lekson Great Pueblo Architecture of Chaco Canyon (National Park Service, Santa Fe, NM, 1984).
  2. , ed JE Neitzel (Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC Pueblo Bonito: Center of the Pueblo World, 2003).
  3. , ed SH Lekson (School of American Research Press, Santa Fe, NM The Archaeology of Chaco Canyon: An Eleventh-Century Regional Center, 2006).
  4. GH Pepper, Pueblo Bonito. Anthropol Papers, American Museum of Natural History, New York 27. (1920).
  5. NJ Akins, The burials of Pueblo Bonito. Pueblo Bonito: Center of the Chaco World, ed JE Neitzel (Smithsonian Books, Washington, DC), pp. 94–126 (2003).
  6. TC Windes Investigations at the Pueblo Alto Complex, Chaco Canyon (National Park Service, Santa Fe, NM, Vol I. (1987).
  7. D Senter, Burials from Mound 50 and Mound 51. Tseh So, A Small House Ruin, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, eds DD Brand, FM Hawley, FC Hibben (University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM), pp. 140–162 (1937).
  8. EH Morris, Burials in the Aztec ruin. Anthropol Papers, American Museum of Natural History, New York 26139–257. (1924).
  9. WK Moorehead Explorations in Arizona, New Mexico, Indiana, Etc. (Phillips Academy, Andover, MA, Department of Archaeology Bulletin No 3. (1906).
  10. J Batkin The Native American Curio Trade in New Mexico (The Wheelwright Museum of the American Indian, Santa Fe, NM, 2008).
  11. TC Windes, This old house: Construction and abandonment at Pueblo Bonito. Pueblo Bonito: Center of the Pueblo World, ed JE Neitzel (Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC), pp. 14–32 (2003).
  12. JE Neitzel, Artifact distributions at Pueblo Bonito. Pueblo Bonito: Center of the Pueblo World, ed JE Neitzel (Smithsonian Press, Washington, DC), pp. 127–142 (2003).
  13. W Ashmore, Building social history at Pueblo Bonito: Footnotes to a biography of place. The Architecture of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, ed SH Lekson (University of Utah Press, Provo, UT), pp. 179–198 (2007).
  14. LA White The Pueblo of Santo Domingo, New Mexico (American Anthropological Association, Menasha, WI, 1935).
  15. L White The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico (Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1962).
  16. JE Neitzel, The organization, function, and population of Pueblo Bonito. Pueblo Bonito: Center of the Pueblo World, ed JE Neitzel (Smithsonian Press, Washington, DC), pp. 143–149 (2003).
  17. SH Lekson, Chaco matters: An introduction. The Archaeology of Chaco Canyon, an Eleventh-Century Regional Center, ed SH Lekson (School of American Research Press, Santa Fe, NM), pp. 3–44 (2006).
  18. GH Pepper The Exploration of a Burial-Room in Pueblo Bonito, New Mexico. Putnam Anniversary Volume: Anthropological Essays Presented to Frederic Ward Putnam (G. E. Stechert, New York), pp. 196–252 (1909).
  19. HW Toll, A reassessment of Chaco cylinder jars. Clues to the Past: Papers in Honor of William M. Sundt, Papers of the Archaeological Society of New Mexico, eds MS Duran, DT Kirkpatrick (Archaeological Society of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, Vol 16, pp 273–305. (1990).
  20. HW Toll, PJ McKenna, Chaco ceramics. Ceramics, Lithics, and Ornaments of Chaco Canyon, ed FJ Mathien (National Park Service, Santa Fe, NM, Vol I, pp 17–511. (1997).
  21. S Plog, Agriculture, sedentism, and environment in the evolution of political systems. The Evolution of Political Systems, ed S Upham (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK), pp. 177–199 (1990).
  22. J Fox, Memories of ridge-poles and cross-beams: The categorical foundations of Rotinese cultural design. Inside Austronesian Houses, ed J Fox (Australian National University, Canberra, Australia), pp. 140–179 (1993).
  23. A Ortiz The Tewa World (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1969).
  24. EC Parsons Notes on Zuni, Part I (American Anthropological Association, Lancaster, PA, 1917).

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Metadata

Authors
Plog, S., & Heitman, C.
Affiliations
Department of Anthropology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Published
2010-10-14
Volume
107
Issue
46
Pages
19619-19626
ISSN
  • 0027-8424
  • 1091-6490
DOI
10.1073/pnas.1014985107
Cited by
87
References
32
Language
en

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Hierarchy and social inequality in the American Southwest, A.D. 800–1200. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.1014985107
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Plog, S., & Heitman, C. (2010). Hierarchy and social inequality in the American Southwest, A.D. 800–1200. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1014985107

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