The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Degradation and resilience in Louisiana salt marshes after the BP–Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Open accessAbstract
More than 2 y have passed since the BP–Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, yet we still have little understanding of its ecological impacts. Examining effects of this oil spill will generate much-needed insight into how shoreline habitats and the valuable ecological services they provide (e.g., shoreline protection) are affected by and recover from large-scale disturbance. Here we report on not only rapid salt-marsh recovery (high resilience) but also permanent marsh area loss after the BP–Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Field observations, experimental manipulations, and wave-propagation modeling reveal that (i) oil coverage was primarily concentrated on the seaward edge of marshes; (ii) there were thresholds of oil coverage that were associated with severity of salt-marsh damage, with heavy oiling leading to plant mortality; (iii) oil-driven plant death on the edges of these marshes more than doubled rates of shoreline erosion, further driving marsh platform loss that is likely to be permanent; and (iv) after 18 mo, marsh grasses have largely recovered into previously oiled, noneroded areas, and the elevated shoreline retreat rates observed at oiled sites have decreased to levels at reference marsh sites. This paper highlights that heavy oil coverage on the shorelines of Louisiana marshes, already experiencing elevated retreat because of intense human activities, induced a geomorphic feedback that amplified this erosion and thereby set limits to the recovery of otherwise resilient vegetation. It thus warns of the enhanced vulnerability of already degraded marshes to heavy oil coverage and provides a clear example of how multiple human-induced stressors can interact to hasten ecosystem decline.
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Cites
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Cited by
Tidal wetland stability in the face of human impacts and sea-level rise
Kirwan, M. L., & Megonigal, J. P. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12856 · Cited by 1,908
Facilitation shifts paradigms and can amplify coastal restoration efforts
Silliman, B. R., Schrack, E., He, Q., Cope, R., Santoni, A., van der Heide, T., Jacobi, R., Jacobi, M., & van de Koppel, J. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1515297112 · Cited by 290
Self-citationCoastal Ecosystems: A Critical Element of Risk Reduction
Spalding, M. D., McIvor, A. L., Beck, M. W., Koch, E. W., Möller, I., Reed, D. J., Rubinoff, P., Spencer, T., Tolhurst, T. J., Wamsley, T. V., et al. (2014) · Conservation Letters · doi:10.1111/conl.12074 · Cited by 263
Metadata
- Authors
- Silliman, B. R., van de Koppel, J., McCoy, M. W., Diller, J., Kasozi, G. N., Earl, K., Adams, P. N., & Zimmerman, A. R.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2012-06-25
- Volume
- 109
- Issue
- 28
- Pages
- 11234-11239
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2161240098
- Cited by
- 300
- References
- 35
- FWCI
- 24.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Silliman, B. R., van de Koppel, J., McCoy, M. W., Diller, J., Kasozi, G. N., Earl, K., Adams, P. N., & Zimmerman, A. R. (2012). Degradation and resilience in Louisiana salt marshes after the BP–Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1204922109
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