The DOI matches its Crossref record; 57 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A computational and neural model of momentary subjective well-being
Open accessAbstract
The subjective well-being or happiness of individuals is an important metric for societies. Although happiness is influenced by life circumstances and population demographics such as wealth, we know little about how the cumulative influence of daily life events are aggregated into subjective feelings. Using computational modeling, we show that emotional reactivity in the form of momentary happiness in response to outcomes of a probabilistic reward task is explained not by current task earnings, but by the combined influence of recent reward expectations and prediction errors arising from those expectations. The robustness of this account was evident in a large-scale replication involving 18,420 participants. Using functional MRI, we show that the very same influences account for task-dependent striatal activity in a manner akin to the influences underpinning changes in happiness.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Adolescents’ momentary affective well-being was defined as their current feelings of happiness, a commonly used question to measure well-being21, 22, which has high convergent validity, as evidenced by the strong correlations with the presence of positive affect and absence of negative affect.”
From The effect of social media on well-being differs from adolescent to adolescent (2020) · cites this paper as [21]
Citations
Cites
Estimating the Dimension of a Model
Schwarz, G. (1978) · The Annals of Statistics · doi:10.1214/aos/1176344136 · Cited by 47,033
Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction
Sutton, R. S., & Barto, A. G. (1998) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks · doi:10.1109/tnn.1998.712192 · Cited by 27,225
Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction
Sutton, R. S., & Barto, A. (2005) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks · doi:10.1109/tnn.2004.842673 · Cited by 25,268
Russell, J. A. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0077714 · Cited by 16,334 · cited 2×
“impact, reward learning, or incentive salience? Brain Res Rev 28(3):309–369.”
BackgroundMethodSubjective well-being: Three decades of progress.
Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276 · Cited by 12,910
A neural substrate of prediction and reward
Schultz, W., Dayan, P., & Montague, P. R. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.275.5306.1593 · Cited by 9,388
Self-citationWell-being : the foundations of hedonic psychology
Kahneman, D. J., Diener, E. F., & Schwarz, N. (1999) · Cited by 7,472
How do you feel — now? The anterior insula and human awareness
(Bud) Craig, A. D. (2009) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2555 · Cited by 6,657 · cited 4×
“This finding of a relationship between a subjective state and activity in right anterior insula is strikingly consistent with prior evidence that this area supports interoceptive (28, 29) and emotional awareness (30, 31).”
MethodResultInfluentialWhat is the role of dopamine in reward: hedonic impact, reward learning, or incentive salience?
Berridge, K. C., & Robinson, T. E. (1998) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(98)00019-8 · Cited by 4,127
Happiness: Lessons from a New Science
Cooper, R. N., & Layard, R. (2005) · Foreign Affairs · doi:10.2307/20031793 · Cited by 4,081
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The neural bases of emotion regulation
Etkin, A., Büchel, C., & Gross, J. J. (2015) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn4044 · Cited by 1,244
Neuronal Reward and Decision Signals: From Theories to Data
Schultz, W. (2015) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00023.2014 · Cited by 1,126
The effect of social media on well-being differs from adolescent to adolescent
Beyens, I., Pouwels, J. L., van Driel, I. I., Keijsers, L., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-67727-7 · Cited by 497
A distributional code for value in dopamine-based reinforcement learning
Dabney, W., Kurth-Nelson, Z. L., Uchida, N., Starkweather, C. K., Hassabis, D., Munos, R., & Botvinick, M. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1924-6 · Cited by 462
Mood as representation of momentum
Eldar, E., Rutledge, R. B., Dolan, R. J., & Niv, Y. (2016) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2015.07.010 · Cited by 383
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Rutledge, R. B., Skandali, N., Dayan, P., & Dolan, R. J.
- Affiliations
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (GB)
- Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit (GB)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2014-08-04
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 33
- Pages
- 12252-12257
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC4143018
- OpenAlex
- W1994312033
- Cited by
- 444
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 54 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 36.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (091593, 078865/Z/05/Z, 095844/Z/11/Z, 098362, 098362/Z/12/Z, 091593/Z/10/Z, 095844, 101252/Z/13/Z)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- subjective well-being, emotional reactivity, reward anticipation, prediction error, probabilistic reward task, daily life events, replication
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Emotions, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Models, Psychological, Neurons, Probability, Reward, Computational Biology, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review