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Galápagos hydroclimate of the Common Era from paired microalgal and mangrove biomarker 2 H/ 1 H values
Abstract
Significance: The equatorial Pacific is centrally important in Earth’s climate system. Changes there cause disruptions to global economies and food and water security. Yet, projected tropical precipitation changes in response to higher greenhouse gas concentrations remain uncertain, due in part to a scarcity of paleoclimate records to validate models. We therefore applied a new method in Galápagos lakes for reconstructing rainfall and salinity using sedimentary lipids from microalgae and mangrove trees. Our data revise the understanding of changes over the Common Era to provide a spatially and temporally coherent view of tropical Pacific rainfall. We separate convergence zone from El Niño-driven changes and observe substantial fluctuations even in the absence of perturbations as large as current anthropogenic forcing.
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“However, starting in the 10th century A.D. (Cobb et al. 2003;Nelson and Sachs 2016;Seillès et al. 2016), the climate became drier, the cold Humboldt marine current became stronger, and the rainy seasons less reliable due to higher global temperatures during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA).”
From In between the sites: understanding late holocene manteño agricultural contexts in the chongón-colonche mountains of coastal ecuador through UAV-lidar and excavation (2025) · cites this paper as Nelson and Sachs 2016
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“The return of recurring El Niño phases with the LIA during the 15th century A.D. (Nelson and Sachs 2016) meant the return of reliable rains and the thriving spondylus shell trade industry observed by the Spanish (Sámano-Xerez 1967[1527-1528]).”
From In between the sites: understanding late holocene manteño agricultural contexts in the chongón-colonche mountains of coastal ecuador through UAV-lidar and excavation (2025) · cites this paper as Nelson and Sachs 2016
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Marsh, E. J., Bruno, M. C., Fritz, S. C., Baker, P., Capriles, J. M., & Hastorf, C. A. (2018) · Radiocarbon · doi:10.1017/rdc.2018.16 · Cited by 109
Garzón-Oechsle, A., Johanson, E., Nagarajan, S., & Martínez, V. (2025) · Journal of Field Archaeology · doi:10.1080/00934690.2024.2439223 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Nelson, D. B., & Sachs, J. P.
- Affiliations
- School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
- ORCID
- Nelson, Daniel B.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2016-03-14
- Volume
- 113
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 3476-3481
- ISSN
- 0027-8424
- 1091-6490
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (ESH-0639640, EAR-1348396)
- DOC | NOAA | Climate Program Office (NA08OAR4310685)
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