Host–parasite oscillation dynamics and evolution in a compartmentalized RNA replication system
Open accessAbstract
Significance: We reconstituted a simple in vitro molecular ecosystem using two self-replicating RNA molecules. The host RNA species produces an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase for their replication, and the parasitic RNA relies on the same enzyme for its replication as well. We found that only when compartmentalized into microscale droplets did the ecosystem show a typical host–parasite oscillatory dynamics. Furthermore, after a long cultivation, the ecosystem evolved to allow the coexistence of the two species. These results demonstrate that cell-size compartmentalization is essential for the ecological dynamics and evolution of host and parasite species.
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Experimentally, even transient compartmentalization is sufficient to prevent extinction caused by parasites.
“Experimentally, even transient compartmentalization is sufficient to prevent extinction caused by parasites (Bansho et al. 2016;Matsumura et al. 2016).”
From Protocells and RNA Self-Replication (2018) · cites this paper as Bansho et al. 2016
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Ratcliff, W. C., & Burnetti, A. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.05.06.723269
Kanai, Y., & Ichihashi, N. (2026) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msag184
Self-citationHow Strong Is the Case for the RNA World?
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Furubayashi, T. (2026) · IEEE Transactions on Molecular Biological and Multi-Scale Communications · doi:10.1109/tmbmc.2026.3741446
Self-citation
- Authors
- Bansho, Y., Furubayashi, T., Ichihashi, N., & Yomo, T.
- Affiliations
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JP)
- The University of Osaka (JP)
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JP)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2016-03-28
- Volume
- 113
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 4045-4050
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC4839452
- OpenAlex
- W2320164531
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 4.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (15H04407, 15H01534, 15KT0080)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Keywords
- host-parasite coevolution, RNA self-replication, compartmentalization, oscillatory dynamics, population dynamics, in vitro reconstitution, origin of life
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biological Evolution, Host-Parasite Interactions, Parasites, RNA
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