The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 39 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The role(s) of lipophosphoglycan (LPG) in the establishment of Leishmania major infections in mammalian hosts
Open accessAbstract
The abundant cell surface glycolipid lipophosphoglycan (LPG) was implicated in many steps of the Leishmania infectious cycle by biochemical tests. The presence of other abundant surface or secreted glycoconjugates sharing LPG domains, however, has led to uncertainty about the relative contribution of LPG in vivo . Here we used an Leishmania major lpg1 - mutant, which lacks LPG alone and shows attenuated virulence, to dissect the role of LPG in the establishment of macrophage infections in vivo. lpg1 - was highly susceptible to human complement, had lost the ability to inhibit phagolysosomal fusion transiently, and was oxidant sensitive. Studies of mouse mutants defective in relevant defense mechanisms confirmed the role of LPG in oxidant resistance but called into question the importance of transient inhibition of phagolysosomal fusion for Leishmania macrophage survival. Moreover, the limited lytic activity of mouse complement appears to be an ineffective pathogen defense mechanism in vitro and in vivo , unlike human hosts. In contrast, lpg1 - parasites bound C3b and resisted low pH and proteases normally, entered macrophages efficiently and silently, and continued to inhibit host-signaling pathways. These studies illustrate the value of mechanistic approaches focusing on both parasite and host defense pathways in dissecting the specific biological roles of complex virulence factors such as LPG.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and [15N]nitrate in biological fluids
Green, L. C., Wagner, D. A., Glogowski, J., Skipper, P. L., Wishnok, J. S., & Tannenbaum, S. R. (1982) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0003-2697(82)90118-x · Cited by 12,077
Pollock, J. D., Williams, D. A., Gifford, M. A. C., Li, L. L., Du, X., Fisherman, J., Orkin, S. H., Doerschuk, C. M., & Dinauer, M. C. (1995) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng0295-202 · Cited by 921
A limiting dilution assay for quantifying Leishmania major in tissues of infected mice
TITUS, R. G., MARCHAND, M., BOON, T., & LOUIS, J. A. (1985) · Parasite Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1985.tb00098.x · Cited by 514
Kapler, G. M., Coburn, C. M., & Beverley, S. M. (1990) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.10.3.1084 · Cited by 445
Self-citationMolecular Aspects of Parasite-Vector and Vector-Host Interactions in Leishmaniasis
Sacks, D., & Kamhawi, S. (2001) · Annual Review of Microbiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.micro.55.1.453 · Cited by 432
Späth, G. F., & Beverley, S. M. (2001) · Experimental Parasitology · doi:10.1006/expr.2001.4656 · Cited by 376
Self-citationLeishmania species: models of intracellular parasitism
Alexander, J., Satoskar, A. R., & Russell, D. G. (1999) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.112.18.2993 · Cited by 350
Brittingham, A., Morrison, C. J., McMaster, W. R., McGwire, B. S., Chang, K. P., & Mosser, D. M. (1995) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.155.6.3102 · Cited by 324
Späth, G. F., Epstein, L., Leader, B., Singer, S. M., Avila, H. A., Turco, S. J., & Beverley, S. M. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.160257897 · Cited by 301
Self-citationInhibition of Phagolysosomal Biogenesis by the Leishmania Lipophosphoglycan
Desjardins, M., & Descoteaux, A. (1997) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.185.12.2061 · Cited by 292
Cited by
Murray, H. W., Berman, J. D., Davies, C. R., & Saravia, N. G. (2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67629-5 · Cited by 1,771
Proteomic analysis of the secretome of Leishmania donovani
Silverman, J. M., Chan, S. K., Robinson, D. P., Dwyer, D. M., Nandan, D., Foster, L. J., & Reiner, N. E. (2008) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2008-9-2-r35 · Cited by 300
Cysteine peptidases as virulence factors of Leishmania
Mottram, J. C., Coombs, G. H., & Alexander, J. (2004) · Current Opinion in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.mib.2004.06.010 · Cited by 263
Persistence Without Pathology in Phosphoglycan-Deficient Leishmania major
Späth, G. F., Lye, L.-F., Segawa, H., Sacks, D. L., Turco, S. J., & Beverley, S. M. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1087499 · Cited by 167
Self-citationLeishmania promastigotes: building a safe niche within macrophages
Moradin, N., & Descoteaux, A. (2012) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2012.00121 · Cited by 157
Metadata
- Authors
- Späth, G. F., Garraway, L. A., Turco, S. J., & Beverley, S. M.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2003-07-17
- Volume
- 100
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 9536-9541
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2018138443
- Cited by
- 272
- References
- 39
- FWCI
- 15.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The role(s) of lipophosphoglycan (LPG) in the establishment of Leishmania major infections in mammalian hosts. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.1530604100
- The paper
- Späth, G. F., Garraway, L. A., Turco, S. J., & Beverley, S. M. (2003). The role(s) of lipophosphoglycan (LPG) in the establishment of Leishmania major infections in mammalian hosts. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1530604100
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
