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Motor, cognitive, and affective areas of the cerebral cortex influence the adrenal medulla
Open accessAbstract
Significance: How does the “mind” (brain) influence the “body” (internal organs)? We identified key areas in the primate cerebral cortex that are linked through multisynaptic connections to the adrenal medulla. The most substantial influence originates from a broad network of motor areas that are involved in all aspects of skeletomotor control from response selection to motor preparation and movement execution. A smaller influence originates from a network in medial prefrontal cortex that is involved in the regulation of cognition and emotion. Thus, cortical areas involved in the control of movement, cognition, and affect are potential sources of central commands to influence sympathetic arousal. These results provide an anatomical basis for psychosomatic illness where mental states can alter organ function.
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“A complementary set of regions involved in visceromotor actions represents key efferent processing regions, including the anterior insula, anterior cingulate, subgenual cingulate, orbitofrontal, ventromedial prefrontal, supplementary motor, and premotor areas (44–46).”
From Interoception and Mental Health: A Roadmap. (2018) · cites this paper as [46]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Dum, R. P., Levinthal, D. J., & Strick, P. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Corresponding author
- Strick, Peter L.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2016-08-15
- Volume
- 113
- Issue
- 35
- Pages
- 9922-9927
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC5024624
- OpenAlex
- W2512266290
- Cited by
- 188
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 17.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- HHS | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01 NS24328, P40 OD010996, P30 NS076405)
- HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32 DK063922, K08 DK101756)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- adrenal medulla, cerebral cortex, supplementary motor area, anterior cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, motor cortex, somatosensory cortex, sympathetic nervous system, autonomic regulation, psychosomatic disorders, chronic stress, depression, neural circuits
- MeSH terms
- Adrenal Medulla, Animals, Biological Transport, Cebus, Cerebral Cortex, Cognition, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Male, Motor Cortex, Movement, Nerve Net, Neural Pathways, Rabies, Rabies virus, Prefrontal Cortex
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