The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Reassessment of 20th century global mean sea level rise
Open accessAbstract
Significance: Estimates of global mean sea level (GMSL) before the advent of satellite altimetry vary widely, mainly because of the uneven coverage and limited temporal sampling of tide gauge records, which track local sea level rather than the global mean. Here we introduce an approach that combines recent advances in solid Earth and geoid corrections for individual tide gauges with improved knowledge about their geographical representation of ocean internal variability. Our assessment yields smaller trends before 1990 than previously reported, leading to a larger overall acceleration; identifies three major explanations for differences with previous estimates; and reconciles observational GMSL estimates with the sum of individually modeled contributions from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 database for the entire 20th century.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
New elevation data triple estimates of global vulnerability to sea-level rise and coastal flooding
Kulp, S. A., & Strauss, B. H. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12808-z · Cited by 1,288
Climate-change–driven accelerated sea-level rise detected in the altimeter era
Nerem, R. S., Beckley, B. D., Fasullo, J. T., Hamlington, B. D., Masters, D., & Mitchum, G. T. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1717312115 · Cited by 1,121
Sea Level Rise and Implications for Low-Lying Islands, Coasts and Communities
(2022) · The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate · doi:10.1017/9781009157964.012 · Cited by 831
Global sea-level budget 1993–present
WCRP Global Sea Level Budget Group (2018) · Earth System Science Data · doi:10.5194/essd-10-1551-2018 · Cited by 624
Persistent acceleration in global sea-level rise since the 1960s
Dangendorf, S., Hay, C., Calafat, F. M., Marcos, M., Piecuch, C. G., Berk, K., & Jensen, J. (2019) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0531-8 · Cited by 417
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Dangendorf, S., Marcos, M., Wöppelmann, G., Conrad, C. P., Frederikse, T., & Riva, R.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2017-05-22
- Volume
- 114
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 5946-5951
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W574887731
- Cited by
- 390
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 45.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Reassessment of 20th century global mean sea level rise. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.1616007114
- The paper
- Dangendorf, S., Marcos, M., Wöppelmann, G., Conrad, C. P., Frederikse, T., & Riva, R. (2017). Reassessment of 20th century global mean sea level rise. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1616007114
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
