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Cited by 76Birth, Development, and HealthAir Quality and Health ImpactsToxic Organic Pollutants Impact

Adverse organogenesis and predisposed long-term metabolic syndrome from prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter

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Wu, Guoyao, Brown, Jacob, Zamora, Misti L., Miller, Alyssa, Satterfield, M. Carey, Meininger, Cynthia J., Steinhauser, Chelsie B., Johnson, Gregory A. +6 more·2019·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DOI 10.1073/pnas.1902925116PMC PMC6575589
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Abstract

of ultrafine aerosols of ammonium sulfate. At birth (postnatal day 0, PND0), four males and four females were selected randomly from each litter to be nursed by dams, whereas tissues were collected from the remaining pups. At PND21, tissues were collected from two males and two females, whereas the remaining pups were fed either a high- or low-fat diet until PND105, when tissues were obtained for biochemical and physiological analyses. Maternal exposure to fine PM increased stillbirths; reduced gestation length and birth weight; increased concentrations of glucose and free fatty acids in plasma; enhanced lipid accumulation in the liver; and decreased endothelium-dependent relaxation of aorta. This lead to altered organogenesis and predisposed progeny to long-term metabolic defects in an age-, organ-, and sex-specific manner. Our results highlight the necessity to develop therapeutic strategies to remedy adverse health effects of maternal PM exposure on conceptus/postnatal growth and development.

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Crossref · 10.1073/pnas.1902925116

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  • In a rat model employing 18 days of continuous gestational exposure to ammonium sulfate particles, Wu et al. observed a significantly decreased gestational length, percent of offspring alive at birth, and average birth weight in the pollutant-exposed group.

    “In a rat model employing 18 days of continuous gestational exposure to ammonium sulfate particles, representative of several key PM0.1 properties observed during polluted haze events in Asia, Wu et al. [69] observed a significantly decreased gestational length, percent of offspring alive at birth, and average birth weight in the pollutant-exposed group.”

    From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [69]

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  • After weaning, offspring body weight remained markedly lower, coinciding with a significant reduction in plasma triacylglycerol concentrations.

    “After weaning, offspring body weight remained markedly lower, coinciding with a significant reduction in plasma triacylglycerol concentrations.”

    From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [69]

    The paper reports that at weaning (PND21), offspring of particulate-matter-exposed dams weighed 4.3% less and had significantly lower plasma triacylglycerol concentrations. It does not establish that these findings persisted after weaning: the plasma-lipids section reports no significant triacylglycerol difference between exposure groups at PND105. Calling the weight difference “marked” also overstates the reported 4.3%. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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  • Adult Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to ultrafine PM throughout gestation had impaired relaxation of the nitric oxide-mediated vasodilatory response of their aortas.

    “Wu et al. [69] showed adult Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to ultrafine PM throughout gestation had impaired relaxation of the nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilatory response of their aortas.”

    From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [69]

    The Aortic Vessel Reactivity section (page not provided) reports reduced acetylcholine-induced aortic relaxation in male offspring at postnatal day 105, and the Discussion identifies the response as NO-mediated. The claim overstates the exposure period: Materials and Methods says the dams were exposed from gestational day 0 to day 18, then moved to normal cages until birth at about day 21. The aortas tested belonged to the offspring, not the exposed dams. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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  • Prenatal exposure to ultrafine PM did not alter concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids in plasma of male and female rats at 3 weeks of age, but did significantly decrease plasma triacylglycerol concentrations in PM0.1-exposed offspring of both sexes.

    “Likewise, Wu et al. [69] did not observe differences in concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids in plasma of male and female rats at 3 weeks of age following prenatal exposure to ultrafine PM or filtered air. Paradoxically, investigators measured significant decreases in plasma triacylglycerol concentrations in PM0.1-exposed offspring (both male and female).”

    From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [69]

  • At the conclusion of the study (at postnatal day 105), there were no differences in body weight due to prenatal exposure in groups consuming a low- or high-fat diet.

    “However, at the conclusion of the study (at postnatal day 105), there were no differences in body weight due to prenatal exposure in groups consuming a low- or high-fat diet.”

    From Air pollution and children’s health—a review of adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure from fine to ultrafine particulate matter (2021) · cites this paper as [69]

    The Postweaning Growth of Offspring section reports that a high-fat diet increased body weight at PND105 in both prenatal-exposure groups, but it does not compare body weight between those groups within either diet. Searches for a PND105 body-weight comparison between the CA and PA groups found no passage stating whether prenatal exposure made a difference. The section’s statement that other organ weights did not differ is not a body-weight finding. (LLM, conf=0.72)

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. M. L. Zamora, "Nucleation, transformation, and impacts of atmospheric aerosols," PhD dissertation, p. 138, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University (2015).

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Authors
Wu, G., Brown, J., Zamora, M. L., Miller, A., Satterfield, M. C., Meininger, C. J., Steinhauser, C. B., Johnson, G. A., Burghardt, R. C., Bazer, F. W., Li, Y., Johnson, N. M., Molina, M. J., & Zhang, R.
Affiliations
  • Texas A&M University (US)
  • University of California San Diego (US)
ORCID
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences
Published
2019-05-28
Volume
116
Issue
24
Pages
11590-11595
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
DOI
10.1073/pnas.1902925116
PMC
PMC6575589
OpenAlex
W2946857605
Cited by
76
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 4
FWCI
12.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.pnas.org/site/aboutpnas/licenses.xhtml (vor)
Locations
  • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Welch Foundation (A-1417)
  • NIEHS NIH (R01 ES028866)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
Keywords
PM2.5, prenatal air pollution exposure, maternal exposure, metabolic syndrome, stillbirth, birth weight, gestation length, hyperglycemia, free fatty acids, hepatic lipid accumulation, endothelial dysfunction, aorta, sex-specific effects, age-specific effects, developmental programming
MeSH terms
Air Pollution, Animals, Birth Weight, Disease Susceptibility, Environmental Exposure, Fatty Acids, Female, Glucose, Male, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Maternal Exposure, Metabolic Syndrome, Organogenesis, Rats, Particulate Matter

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