Multicomponent nature underlies the extraordinary mechanical properties of spider dragline silk
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Abstract
Significance: Artificial synthesis of spider silk has been actively pursued. However, until now, the natural mechanical properties of spider silk have been largely unreproducible. We thoroughly investigated the genomes and transcripts of four related species of orb-weaver spiders as well as the proteins in their silk threads. Then, in addition to spidroin, we found several low-molecular-weight proteins in common. Interestingly, the low-molecular-weight protein component of spider dragline silk doubled the tensile strength of artificial silk–based material. This discovery will greatly advance the industry and research on the use of protein-based materials.
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- Authors
- Kono, N., Nakamura, H., Mori, M., Yoshida, Y., Ohtoshi, R., Malay, A. D., Pedrazzoli Moran, D. A., Tomita, M., Numata, K., & Arakawa, K.
- Affiliations
- Keio University (JP)
- Spiber (Japan) (JP)
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (JP)
- Spiber Inc., 234-1 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-0052, Japan;
- Kyoto University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Arakawa, Kazuharu
- ORCID
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2021-07-26
- Volume
- 118
- Issue
- 31
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC8346794
- OpenAlex
- W3183671013
- Cited by
- 99
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 4.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- ImPACT Program of the Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (2014-PM06-01-01)
- Yamagata Prefectural Government and Tsuruoka City, Japan (YMGT2020)
- Nakatsuji Foresight Foundation (NFF2020)
- Sumitomo Foundation (190426)
- The Uehara Memorial Foundation (202010238)
- MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (21H02210)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Silk-based biomaterials and applications
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Spider Taxonomy and Behavior Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Silkworms and Sericulture Research
- Keywords
- spider dragline silk, spidroin, silk mechanical properties, toughness, tensile strength, extensibility, biopolymers
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Fibroins, Spiders, Genome, Silk, Transcriptome
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