Clamping of DNA shuts the condensin neck gate
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
Significance: DNA needs to be compacted to fit into nuclei and during cell division, when dense chromatids are formed for their mechanical segregation, a process that depends on the protein complex condensin. It forms and enlarges loops in DNA through loop extrusion. Our work resolves the atomic structure of a DNA-bound state of condensin in which ATP has not been hydrolyzed. The DNA is clamped within a compartment that has been reported previously in other structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes, including Rad50, cohesin, and MukBEF. With the caveat of important differences, it means that all SMC complexes cycle through at least some similar states and undergo similar conformational changes in their head modules, while hydrolyzing ATP and translocating DNA.
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Cites
Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold
Jumper, J., Evans, R., Pritzel, A., Green, T., Figurnov, M., Ronneberger, O., Tunyasuvunakool, K., Bates, R., Žídek, A., Potapenko, A., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03819-2 · Cited by 43,764 · see citing works
DNA loop extrusion by human cohesin
Davidson, I. F., Bauer, B., Goetz, D., Tang, W., Wutz, G., & Peters, J.-M. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaz3418 · Cited by 863 · cited 4× · see citing works
“However, recent in vitro single-molecule experiments have demonstrated that both condensin and cohesin are capable of loading onto DNA and loop extruding when the neck interface is permanently closed (3, 27).”
BackgroundInfluentialHuman cohesin compacts DNA by loop extrusion
Kim, Y., Shi, Z., Zhang, H., Finkelstein, I. J., & Yu, H. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaz4475 · Cited by 701 · see citing works
Condensin structures chromosomal DNA through topological links
Cuylen, S., Metz, J., & Haering, C. H. (2011) · Nature Structural & Molecular Biology · doi:10.1038/nsmb.2087 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Structural Basis for a Safety-Belt Mechanism That Anchors Condensin to Chromosomes
Kschonsak, M., Merkel, F., Bisht, S., Metz, J., Rybin, V., Hassler, M., & Haering, C. H. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.09.008 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
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Deep, A., Gu, Y., Gao, Y.-Q., Ego, K. M., Herzik, M. A., Zhou, H., & Corbett, K. D. (2022) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2022.09.008 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
What AlphaFold tells us about cohesin’s retention on and release from chromosomes
Nasmyth, K. A., Lee, B.-G., Roig, M. B., & Löwe, J. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.88656.4 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationWhat AlphaFold tells us about cohesin’s retention on and release from chromosomes
Nasmyth, K. A., Lee, B.-G., Roig, M. B., & Löwe, J. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.88656 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Lee, B.-G., Rhodes, J., & Löwe, J.
- Affiliations
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Löwe, Jan
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 2022-03-29
- Volume
- 119
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- e2120006119-e2120006119
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC9168836
- OpenAlex
- W4220745086
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 8
- FWCI
- 3.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Apollo (University of Cambridge) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Apollo
- Funders
- Wellcome (218621/Z/19/Z, 202754/Z/16/Z)
- RCUK | Medical Research Council (U105184326)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Structure and Dynamics
- Keywords
- condensin, loop extrusion, SMC complex, structural maintenance of chromosomes, DNA condensation, ATP hydrolysis, cohesin, MukBEF, RAD50, atomic structure
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine Triphosphatases, Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromatids, Constriction, DNA, DNA-Binding Proteins, Cell Cycle Proteins, Multiprotein Complexes
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