The SMC-family Wadjet complex protects bacteria from plasmid transformation by recognition and cleavage of closed-circular DNA
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Self versus non-self discrimination is a key element of innate and adaptive immunity across life. In bacteria, CRISPR-Cas and restriction-modification systems recognize non-self nucleic acids through their sequence and their methylation state, respectively. Here, we show that the Wadjet defense system recognizes DNA topology to protect its host against plasmid transformation. By combining cryoelectron microscopy with cross-linking mass spectrometry, we show that Wadjet forms a complex similar to the bacterial condensin complex MukBEF, with a novel nuclease subunit similar to a type II DNA topoisomerase. Wadjet specifically cleaves closed-circular DNA in a reaction requiring ATP hydrolysis by the structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) ATPase subunit JetC, suggesting that the complex could use DNA loop extrusion to sense its substrate's topology, then specifically activate the nuclease subunit JetD to cleave plasmid DNA. Overall, our data reveal how bacteria have co-opted a DNA maintenance machine to specifically recognize and destroy foreign DNAs through topology sensing.
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A similar SMC protein-mediated plasmid restriction has been found in other bacteria.
“A similar SMC protein-mediated plasmid restriction has been found in other bacteria as well (17).”
From Mycobacterium smegmatis: The Vanguard of Mycobacterial Research (2023) · cites this paper as [17]
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- Authors
- Deep, A., Gu, Y., Gao, Y.-Q., Ego, K. M., Herzik, M. A., Zhou, H., & Corbett, K. D.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Corbett, Kevin D.
- Venue
- Molecular Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-11
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 4145-4159.e7
- ISSN
- 1097-2765 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9637719
- OpenAlex
- W4302424784
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 14.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 367 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Molecular Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- NIH Office of the Director (S10 OD023498)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01 GM116897, R35 GM138206, R35 GM144121)
- University of California, San Diego
- Agouron Institute
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Keywords
- SMC complex, topoisomerase II, plasmid transformation, bacterial defense against foreign DNA, DNA loop extrusion
- MeSH terms
- Bacteria, Chromosomes, DNA, DNA-Binding Proteins, DNA, Circular, Plasmids, Cryoelectron Microscopy, Multiprotein Complexes
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