The DOI matches its Crossref record; 13 of the 13 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An extracellular Darwinian experiment with a self-duplicating nucleic acid molecule.
Open accessAbstract
Understanding a visual scene is an unsolved and daunting task, since scenes can contain a large number of objects, their properties, and interrelations. Extracting the full scene structure is therefore infeasible, but often unnecessary, since ...In modeling vision, there has been a remarkable progress in recognizing a range of scene components, but the problem of analyzing full scenes, an ultimate goal of visual perception, is still largely open. To deal with complete scenes, recent work focused ...
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In the citing paper
“The functional sequence was lost by the fourth serial transfer. The sequence population was evolved to be mere fifth of the length of the original sequence but it was replicated 15 times faster [72].”
From Ecology and Evolution in the RNA World Dynamics and Stability of Prebiotic Replicator Systems (2017) · cites this paper as [72]
In the citing paper
“Functional sequences are usually long and their shorter mutants replicate faster, as demonstrated in Spiegelman’s experiment [72,73]”
From Ecology and Evolution in the RNA World Dynamics and Stability of Prebiotic Replicator Systems (2017) · cites this paper as [72]
In the citing paper
“The outcome of the selection experiments was the shortening of the RNA sequence, as shorter sequences could be replicated faster.”
From Towards open-ended evolution in self-replicating molecular systems (2017) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“But even with exponential replicators, Darwinian evolution does not necessarily lead to complexification and the spontaneous emergence of new function, as the Spiegelman experiments made painfully clear [3].”
From Towards open-ended evolution in self-replicating molecular systems (2017) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“Since shorter sequences are being replicated at a higher rate than longer sequences, shortened mutants are favored over longer sequences.”
From Towards open-ended evolution in self-replicating molecular systems (2017) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“This eventually led to a strong decrease in the genome size of the RNA molecules.”
From Towards open-ended evolution in self-replicating molecular systems (2017) · cites this paper as [3]
Citations
Cites
Specific template requirments of RNA replicases.
Haruna, I., & Spiegelman, S. (1965) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.54.2.579 · Cited by 220
Self-citationTHE SELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF INFORMATIONAL RNA IN BACTERIA
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Self-citationThe synthesis of a self-propagating and infectious nucleic acid with a purified enzyme.
Spiegelman, S., Haruna, I., Holland, I. B., Beaudreau, G. S., & Mills, D. C. B. (1965) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.54.3.919 · Cited by 188
Self-citationAN RNA „REPLICASE” INDUCED BY AND SELECTIVE FOR A VIRAL RNA: ISOLATION AND PROPERTIES
Haruna, I., Nozu, K., Ohtaka, Y., & Spiegelman, S. (1963) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.50.5.905 · Cited by 155
Self-citationOverby, L. R., Barlow, G. H., Doi, R. H., Jacob, M., & Spiegelman, S. (1966) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.91.1.442-448.1966 · Cited by 143
Self-citationAutocatalytic Synthesis of a Viral RNA in vitro
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Self-citationRecognition of size and sequence by an RNA replicase.
Haruna, I., & Spiegelman, S. (1965) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.54.4.1189 · Cited by 82
Self-citationIn Vitro Synthesis of an Infectious Mutant RNA with a Normal RNA Replicase
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Self-citationÜber infektiöse substrukturen aus Escherichia coli bakteriophagen
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Eikhom, T. S., & Spiegelman, S. (1967) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.57.6.1833 · Cited by 39
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Metadata
- Authors
- Mills, D. R., Peterson, R. L., & Spiegelman, S.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1967-07
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 217-224
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC335620
- OpenAlex
- W2112864600
- Cited by
- 648
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 11.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Profiles in Science (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Keywords
- Darwinian evolution, in vitro evolution, RNA self-replication, origin of life
- MeSH terms
- Coliphages, Electrophoresis, Biological Evolution, Kinetics, Molecular Weight, Phosphorus Isotopes, RNA, Viral, Ultracentrifugation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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