The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Viroids are single-stranded covalently closed circular RNA molecules existing as highly base-paired rod-like structures
Open accessAbstract
Viroids are uncoated infectious RNA molecules pathogenic to certain higher plants. Four different highly purified viroids were studied. By ultracentrifugation, thermal denaturation, electron microscopy, and end group analysis the following features were established: (i) the molecular weight of cucumber pale fruit viroid from tomato is 110,000, of citrus exocortis viroid from Gynura 119,000, of citrus exocortis viroid from tomato 119,000 and of potato spindle tuber viroid from tomato 127,000. (ii) Viroids are single-stranded molecules. (iii) Virods exhibit high thermal stability, cooperativity, and self-complementarity resulting in a rod-like native structure. (iv) Viroids are covalently closed circular RNA molecules.
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“circRNA was first identified in 197646 and was later detected in human cells.47”
From COVID-19 mRNA vaccines: Platforms and current developments (2022) · cites this paper as [46]
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Cites
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Vollenweider, H. J., Sogo, J. M., & Koller, T. (1975) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.72.1.83 · Cited by 169
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Semancik, J. S., & Weathers, L. G. (1972) · Virology · doi:10.1016/0042-6822(72)90281-4 · Cited by 150
Exocortis Disease: Evidence for a New Species of “Infectious” Low Molecular Weight RNA in Plants
Semancik, J. S., & Weathers, L. G. (1972) · Nature New Biology · doi:10.1038/newbio237242a0 · Cited by 148
Physical properties of a minimal infectious RNA (viroid) associated with the exocortis disease
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Circular RNAs are a large class of animal RNAs with regulatory potency
Memczak, S., Jens, M., Elefsinioti, A., Torti, F., Krueger, J., Rybak, A., Maier, L., Mackowiak, S. D., Gregersen, L. H., Munschauer, M., et al. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11928 · Cited by 7,990
The biogenesis, biology and characterization of circular RNAs
Kristensen, L. S., Andersen, M. S., Stagsted, L. V. W., Ebbesen, K. K., Hansen, T. B., & Kjems, J. (2019) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-019-0158-7 · Cited by 4,823
Detecting and characterizing circular RNAs
Jeck, W. R., & Sharpless, N. E. (2014) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.2890 · Cited by 2,710
Circ-ZNF609 is a circular RNA that can be translated and functions in myogenesis
Legnini, I., Di Timoteo, G., Rossi, F., Morlando, M., Briganti, F., Sthandier, O., Fatica, A., Santini, T., Andronache, A., Wade, M., et al. (2017) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2017.02.017 · Cited by 2,173
The Biogenesis, Functions, and Challenges of Circular RNAs
Li, X., Yang, L. C., & Chen, L. (2018) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2018.06.034 · Cited by 2,060
Metadata
- Authors
- Sanger, H. L., Klotz, G., Riesner, D., Gross, H. J., & Kleinschmidt, A. K.
- Affiliations
- Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Universität Ulm (DE)
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (DE)
- ORCID
- Gross, H J
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1976-11
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3852-3856
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- PMC
- PMC431239
- OpenAlex
- W2031593782
- Cited by
- 2,296
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 70 · 2025: 180 · 2024: 238 · 2023: 215 · 2022: 316 · 2021: 323 · 2020: 298 · 2019: 168 · 2018: 125 · 2017: 72 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 22.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Virus Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Keywords
- viroids, circular RNA, single-stranded RNA, rod structures, base pairing, thermal stability, citrus exocortis viroid, potato spindle tuber viroid, molecular weight
- MeSH terms
- Centrifugation, Hydrogen Bonding, Microscopy, Electron, Molecular Weight, Nucleic Acid Conformation, Nucleic Acid Denaturation, Plant Diseases, Plant Viruses, Plants, Ribonucleotides, RNA
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