Cited by 150Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchCellular transport and secretionRetinal Development and Disorders

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Co-release of acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid by a retinal neuron

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O'Malley, D M, Masland, R H·1989·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

DOI 10.1073/pnas.86.9.3414PMC PMC287143

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Abstract

Rabbit retinas were vitally stained with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), a fluorescent compound that selectively accumulates within the cholinergic amacrine cells. The retinas were then incubated in vitro in the presence of radioactive gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and autoradiographed. The cells that accumulated DAPI were found to accumulate GABA, confirming immunohistochemical evidence that the cholinergic amacrine cells contain GABA. Incubation of retinas in the presence of elevated concentrations of K+ caused them to release acetylcholine and GABA, and autoradiography showed depletion of radioactive GABA from the cholinergic amacrine cells. This indicates that the cholinergic amacrine cells can secrete acetylcholine and GABA. Retinas were double-labeled with [14C]GABA and [3H]acetylcholine, allowing simultaneous measurement of their release. The release of [14C]GABA was found to be independent of extracellular Ca2+. Radioactive GABA synthesized endogenously from [14C]glutamate behaved the same way as radioactive GABA accumulated from the medium. In the same experiments the simultaneously measured release of [3H]acetylcholine was strongly Ca2+-dependent, indicating that the releases of acetylcholine and GABA are controlled by different mechanisms. Synaptic vesicles immunologically isolated from double-labeled retinas contained much [3H]acetylcholine and little or no [14C]GABA. These results suggest that the cholinergic amacrine cells release acetylcholine primarily by vesicle exocytosis and release GABA primarily by means of a carrier.

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Authors: O'Malley, D. M., & Masland, R. H.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
Venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher: National Academy of Sciences
Published: 1989-05
Volume: 86
Issue: 9
Pages: 3414-3418
ISSN: 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.9.3414
PMC: PMC287143
OpenAlex: W2126180763
Cited by: 150
References: 35
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 3.30
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01ey005747-10, 5r37ey001075-23)
National Eye Institute (R37 EY01075, R01-EY05747)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Development and Disorders
Keywords: acetylcholine release, gamma-aminobutyric acid release, cholinergic amacrine cells, retinal neurons, CO release, calcium-dependent exocytosis, synaptic vesicles, potassium-evoked release, rabbit retina
MeSH terms: Acetylcholine, Animals, Autoradiography, Calcium, Carbon Radioisotopes, Choline, Fluorescent Dyes, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Glutamates, Indoles, Magnesium, Neurons, Potassium, Rabbits, Retina, Tritium, Glutamic Acid

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Co-release of acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid by a retinal neuron

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