The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Lymphoid organs function as major reservoirs for human immunodeficiency virus.
Open accessAbstract
The total number of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected circulating CD4+ T lymphocytes is considered to be a reflection of the HIV burden at any given time during the course of HIV infection. However, the low frequency of HIV-infected circulating CD4+ T lymphocytes and the low level or absence of plasma viremia in the early stages of infection do not correlate with the progressive immune dysfunction characteristic of HIV infection. In this study, we have determined whether HIV-infected circulating CD4+ T lymphocytes are a correct reflection of the total pool of HIV-infected CD4+ T cells (i.e., HIV burden). To this end, HIV burden has been comparatively analyzed in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues (lymph nodes, adenoids, and tonsils) from the same patients. The presence of HIV-1 DNA in mononuclear cells isolated simultaneously from peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues of the same patients was determined by polymerase chain reaction amplification. We found that the frequency of HIV-1-infected cells in unfractionated or sorted CD4+ cell populations isolated from lymphoid tissues was significantly higher (0.5-1 log10 unit) than the frequency in peripheral blood. Comparable results were obtained in five HIV seropositive patients in the early stages of disease and in one patient with AIDS. These results demonstrate that a heavy viral load does reside in the lymphoid organs, indicating that they may function as major reservoirs for HIV. In addition, the finding of a heavy viral load in the lymphoid organs of patients in the early stages of disease may explain the progressive depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes and the immune dysfunction associated with the early stages of HIV infection.
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Citations
Cites
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Cited by
Viral dynamics in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
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High Levels of HIV-1 in Plasma During All Stages of Infection Determined By Competitive PCR
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The immune response during acute HIV-1 infection: clues for vaccine development
McMichael, A. J., Borrow, P., Tomaras, G. D., Goonetilleke, N., & Haynes, B. F. (2010) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2674 · Cited by 871
In vivo fate of HIV-1-infected T cells: Quantitative analysis of the transition to stable latency
Chun, T.-W., Finzi, D., Margolick, J., Chadwick, K., Schwartz, D., & Siliciano, R. F. (1995) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1295-1284 · Cited by 787
Metadata
- Authors
- Pantaleo, G., Graziosi, C., Butini, L., Pizzo, P. A., Schnittman, S. M., Kotler, D. P., & Fauci, A. S.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1991-11
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 9838-9842
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2079999509
- Cited by
- 498
- References
- 21
- FWCI
- 8.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Pantaleo, G., Graziosi, C., Butini, L., Pizzo, P. A., Schnittman, S. M., Kotler, D. P., & Fauci, A. S. (1991). Lymphoid organs function as major reservoirs for human immunodeficiency virus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.88.21.9838
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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