The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Advanced Maillard reaction end products are associated with Alzheimer disease pathology.
Open accessAbstract
During aging long-lived proteins accumulate specific post-translational modifications. One family of modifications, termed Maillard reaction products, are initiated by the condensation between amino groups of proteins and reducing sugars. Protein modification by the Maillard reaction is associated with crosslink formation, decreased protein solubility, and increased protease resistance. Here, we present evidence that the characteristic pathological structures associated with Alzheimer disease contain modifications typical of advanced Maillard reaction end products. Specifically, antibodies against two Maillard end products, pyrraline and pentosidine, immunocytochemically label neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques in brain tissue from patients with Alzheimer disease. In contrast, little or no staining is observed in apparently healthy neurons of the same brain. The Maillard-reaction-related modifications described herein could account for the biochemical and insolubility properties of the lesions of Alzheimer disease through the formation of protein crosslinks.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Corder, E. H., Saunders, A. M., Strittmatter, W. J., Schmechel, D. E., Gaskell, P. C., Small, G. W., Roses, A. D., Haines, J. L., & Pericak-Vance, M. A. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8346443 · Cited by 9,429
Amyloid plaque core protein in Alzheimer disease and Down syndrome.
Masters, C. L., Simms, G., Weinman, N. A., Multhaup, G., McDonald, B. L., & Beyreuther, K. (1985) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.82.12.4245 · Cited by 4,431
Neuropil threads of Alzheimer's disease show a marked alteration of the normal cytoskeleton
Perry, G., Kawai, M., Tabaton, M., Onorato, M., Mulvihill, P., Richey, P., Morandi, A., Connolly, J., & Gambetti, P. (1991) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.11-06-01748.1991 · Cited by 140
Self-citation
Cited by
Oxidative stress hypothesis in Alzheimer’s disease
Markesbery, W. R. (1997) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0891-5849(96)00629-6 · Cited by 2,383
Advanced glycation endproducts—role in pathology of diabetic complications
Ahmed, N. (2005) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2004.09.004 · Cited by 1,455
Advanced protein glycosylation in diabetes and aging
Brownlee, M. D. (1995) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev.med.46.1.223 · Cited by 1,312
Widespread Peroxynitrite-Mediated Damage in Alzheimer’s Disease
Smith, M. A., Richey Harris, P. L., Sayre, L. M., Beckman, J. S., & Perry, G. (1997) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.17-08-02653.1997 · Cited by 1,239
Self-citationType 2 Diabetes, APOE Gene, and the Risk for Dementia and Related Pathologies
Peila, R., Rodriguez, B. L., & Launer, L. J. (2002) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.4.1256 · Cited by 1,207
Metadata
- Authors
- Smith, M. A., Taneda, S., Richey, P. L., Miyata, S., Yan, S. D., Stern, D., Sayre, L. M., Monnier, V. M., & Perry, G.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Published
- 1994-06-07
- Volume
- 91
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 5710-5714
- ISSN
- 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
- 1091-6490
- OpenAlex
- W2010754688
- Cited by
- 714
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 20.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Advanced Maillard reaction end products are associated with Alzheimer disease pathology. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.91.12.5710
- The paper
- Smith, M. A., Taneda, S., Richey, P. L., Miyata, S., Yan, S. D., Stern, D., Sayre, L. M., Monnier, V. M., & Perry, G. (1994). Advanced Maillard reaction end products are associated with Alzheimer disease pathology. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.12.5710
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
