Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 1,107

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Evolutionary relationships among diverse bacteriophages and prophages: All the world’s a phage

Open access
Hendrix, Roger W., Smith, Margaret C. M., Burns, R. Neil, Ford, Michael E., Hatfull, Graham F.·1999·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Abstract

We report DNA and predicted protein sequence similarities, implying homology, among genes of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) bacteriophages and prophages spanning a broad phylogenetic range of host bacteria. The sequence matches reported here establish genetic connections, not always direct, among the lambdoid phages of Escherichia coli , phage φC31 of Streptomyces , phages of Mycobacterium , a previously unrecognized cryptic prophage, φflu, in the Haemophilus influenzae genome, and two small prophage-like elements, φRv1 and φRv2, in the genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis . The results imply that these phage genes, and very possibly all of the dsDNA tailed phages, share common ancestry. We propose a model for the genetic structure and dynamics of the global phage population in which all dsDNA phage genomes are mosaics with access, by horizontal exchange, to a large common genetic pool but in which access to the gene pool is not uniform for all phage.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1073/pnas.96.5.2192

Cites

3 of 3 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 3 references

Cited by

See all 1,107

Metadata

Authors
Hendrix, R. W., Smith, M. C. M., Burns, R. N., Ford, M. E., & Hatfull, G. F.
Venue
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Published
1999-03-02
Volume
96
Issue
5
Pages
2192-2197
ISSN
  • 0027-8424 (ISSN-L)
  • 1091-6490
OpenAlex
W2078689375
Cited by
1,107
References
3
FWCI
47.65
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Evolutionary relationships among diverse bacteriophages and prophages: All the world’s a phage. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1073/pnas.96.5.2192
The paper
Hendrix, R. W., Smith, M. C. M., Burns, R. N., Ford, M. E., & Hatfull, G. F. (1999). Evolutionary relationships among diverse bacteriophages and prophages: All the world’s a phage. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.5.2192

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.