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Redox Imbalance in Cystine/Glutamate Transporter-deficient Mice
Open accessAbstract
Cystine/glutamate transporter, designated as system x(-)(c), mediates cystine entry in exchange for intracellular glutamate in mammalian cells. This transporter consists of two protein components, xCT and 4F2 heavy chain, and the former is predicted to mediate the transport activity. This transporter plays a pivotal role for maintaining the intracellular GSH levels and extracellular cystine/cysteine redox balance in cultured cells. To clarify the physiological roles of this transporter in vivo, we generated and characterized mice lacking xCT. The xCT(-/-) mice were healthy in appearance and fertile. However, cystine concentration in plasma was significantly higher in these mice, compared with that in the littermate xCT(-/-) mice, while there was no significant difference in plasma cysteine concentration. Plasma GSH level in xCT(-/-) mice was lower than that in the xCT(-/-) mice. The embryonic fibroblasts derived from xCT(-/-) mice failed to survive in routine culture medium, and 2-mercaptoethanol was required for survival and growth. When 2-mercaptoethanol was removed from the culture medium, cysteine and GSH in these cells dramatically decreased, and cells started to die within 24 h. N-Acetyl cysteine also rescued xCT(-/-)-derived cells and permitted growth. These results demonstrate that system x(-)(c) contributes to maintaining the plasma redox balance in vivo but is dispensable in mammalian development, although it is vitally important to cells in vitro.
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“SLC7A11-deficient mice develop normally and are healthy [79]”
From Ferroptosis: Death by Lipid Peroxidation (2016) · cites this paper as [79]
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Ferroptosis: mechanisms, biology and role in disease
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Metadata
- Authors
- Sato, H., Shiiya, A., Kimata, M., Maebara, K., Tamba, M., Sakakura, Y., Makino, N., Sugiyama, F., Yagami, K.-I., Moriguchi, T., Takahashi, S., & Bannai, S.
- Affiliations
- Yamagata University (JP)
- University of Tsukuba (JP)
- Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Sato, Hideyo
- Venue
- Journal of Biological Chemistry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-11
- Volume
- 280
- Issue
- 45
- Pages
- 37423-37429
- ISSN
- 0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2097822945
- Cited by
- 422
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 4.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Tsukuba
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Sulfur Compounds in Biology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Keywords
- SLC7A11, system xc-, cystine transport, glutathione, redox homeostasis, cysteine, embryonic fibroblasts, 2-mercaptoethanol, N-acetylcysteine, cysteine biosynthesis
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acids, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Cystine, Female, Fibroblasts, Glutathione, Homozygote, Male, Oxidation-Reduction, Gene Deletion, Amino Acid Transport System y+, Cell Proliferation, Mice
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