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Cited by 485

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Dimerization of Substrate Adaptors Can Facilitate Cullin-mediated Ubiquitylation of Proteins by a “Tethering” Mechanism

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McMahon, Michael, Thomas, Nerys, Itoh, Ken, Yamamoto, Masayuki, Hayes, John D.·2006·Journal of Biological Chemistry

Abstract

The prevalence and mechanistic significance of self-association among substrate adaptors for the Cul-Rbx family of ubiquitin ligases remain unclear. We now report that it is as a homodimer that the substrate adaptor Keap1 interacts with Cul3. The resulting complex facilitates ubiquitylation of the Nrf2 transcription factor but only when this substrate possesses within its Neh2 domain a second cryptic Keap1-binding site, the DLG motif, in addition to its previously described ETGE site. Both motifs recognize overlapping surfaces on Keap1, and the seven lysine residues of Nrf2 that act as ubiquitin acceptors lie between them. Based on these data, we propose a "fixed-ends" model for Nrf2 ubiquitylation in which each binding site becomes tethered to a separate subunit of the Keap1 homodimer. This two-site interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2 constrains the mobility of the target lysine residues in the Neh2 domain, increasing their average concentration in the vicinity of the Rbx-bound ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme, and thus the rate at which the transcription factor is ubiquitylated. We show that self-association is a general feature of Cul3 substrate adaptors and propose that the fixed-ends mechanism is commonly utilized to recruit, orientate, and ubiquitylate substrates upon this family of ubiquitin ligases.

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Metadata

Authors
McMahon, M., Thomas, N., Itoh, K., Yamamoto, M., & Hayes, J. D.
Venue
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2006-08
Volume
281
Issue
34
Pages
24756-24768
ISSN
0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2080952734
Cited by
485
References
13
FWCI
6.02
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
hybrid

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Dimerization of Substrate Adaptors Can Facilitate Cullin-mediated Ubiquitylation of Proteins by a “Tethering” Mechanism. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1074/jbc.m601119200
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McMahon, M., Thomas, N., Itoh, K., Yamamoto, M., & Hayes, J. D. (2006). Dimerization of Substrate Adaptors Can Facilitate Cullin-mediated Ubiquitylation of Proteins by a “Tethering” Mechanism. Journal of Biological Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m601119200

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