Cited by 87Sperm and Testicular FunctionATP Synthase and ATPases ResearchReproductive Biology and Fertility

Evolutionarily Conserved Mammalian Adenine Nucleotide Translocase 4 Is Essential for Spermatogenesis

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Brower, Jeffrey V., Rodic, Nemanja, Seki, Tsugio, Jorgensen, Marda, Fliess, Naime, Yachnis, Anthony T., McCarrey, John R., Oh, S. Paul +1 more·2007·Journal of Biological Chemistry

Abstract

The adenine nucleotide translocases (Ant) facilitate the transport of ADP and ATP by an antiport mechanism across the inner mitochondrial membrane, thus playing an essential role in cellular energy metabolism. We recently identified a novel member of the Ant family in mouse, Ant4, of which gene configuration as well as amino acid homology is well conserved among mammals. The conservation of Ant4 in mammals, along with the absence of Ant4 in nonmammalian species, suggests a unique and indispensable role for this ADP/ATP carrier in mammalian development. Of interest, in contrast to its paralog Ant2, which is encoded by the X chromosome and ubiquitously expressed in somatic cells, Ant4 is encoded by an autosome and selectively expressed in testicular germ cells. Immunohistochemical examination as well as RNA expression analysis using separated spermatogenic cell types revealed that Ant4 expression was particularly high in spermatocytes. When we generated Ant4-deficient mice by targeted disruption, a significant reduction in testicular size was observed without any other distinguishable abnormalities in the mice. Histological examination as well as stage-specific gene expression analysis in adult and neonatal testes revealed a severe reduction of spermatocytes accompanied by increased apoptosis. Subsequently, the Ant4-deficient male mice were infertile. Taken together, these data elucidated the indispensable role of Ant4 in murine spermatogenesis. Considering the unique conservation and chromosomal location of the Ant family genes in mammals, the Ant4 gene may have arisen in mammalian ancestors and been conserved in mammals to serve as the sole and essential mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier during spermatogenesis where the sex chromosome-linked Ant2 gene is inactivated.

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Crossref · 10.1074/jbc.m704386200

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Authors
Brower, J. V., Rodic, N., Seki, T., Jorgensen, M., Fliess, N., Yachnis, A. T., McCarrey, J. R., Oh, S. P., & Terada, N.
Affiliations
  • University of Florida Health (US)
  • The University of Texas at San Antonio (US)
Corresponding author
Terada, Naohiro
Venue
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2007-10
Volume
282
Issue
40
Pages
29658-29666
ISSN
0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1987339636
Cited by
87
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
FWCI
8.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 59699, R01DK059699)
  • National Center for Research Resources (R21RR017001, RR 17001)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Sperm and Testicular Function
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
Keywords
spermatogenesis, adenine nucleotide translocase, mitochondrial bioenergetics, spermatocytes, male infertility, testicular volume, spermatocyte apoptosis, ANT2, X chromosome inactivation, evolutionarily conserved genes, knockout mice
MeSH terms
Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases, Adenosine Diphosphate, Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Gene Expression Regulation, Genetic Vectors, Humans, Male, Mice, Transgenic, Models, Biological, Phylogeny, Spermatogenesis, X Chromosome, Evolution, Molecular, Membrane Transport Proteins, Mice

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