Cited by 249Memory and Neural MechanismsMemory Processes and InfluencesCognitive Functions and Memory

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Hippocampal Amnesia

Spiers, Hugo J., Maguire, Eleanor A., Burgess, Neil·2001·Neurocase

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Abstract

This article reviews 147 cases of amnesia following damage including the hippocampus or fornix as reported in 179 publications. The aetiology, mnestic abilities and reference(s) are tabulated for each case. Consistent findings across cases include the association of bilateral hippocampal damage with a deficit in anterograde episodic memory combined with spared procedural and working memory. The limited nature of retrograde amnesia following lesions to the fornix is also noted. Less consistent and thus more controversial findings, include effects of lesion size or laterality, deficits in semantic memory or familiarity-based recognition and the extent of retrograde amnesia. The evidence concerning these issues is reviewed across cases.

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Crossref · 10.1076/neur.7.5.357.16245

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Conceptual match as a determinant of reference reuse in dialogue.
Knutsen, D., & Bigot, L. L. (2016) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/xlm0000313 · Cited by 6
Long‐term visuospatial retention unaffected by fornix transection
Kwok, S. C., & Buckley, M. J. (2009) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.20733 · Cited by 6
“…et al., 1995; Aggleton et al., 2000; Vann et al., 2000; Papanicolaou et al., 2007), but fornix damage has also been linked to remote memory deficits (Spiers et al., 2001), retrograde temporal order amnesia (Yasuno et al., 1999; Squire et al., 2001), and retrograde amnesia (Poreh et al., 2006).”
Background
Characterising strategy use during the performance of hippocampal-dependent tasksPreprint
Clark, I. A., Monk, A. M., & Maguire, E. A. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/807990 · Cited by 6
“Another widely employed neuropsychological test where delayed recall performance is impaired following hippocampal damage is the Rey-Osterrieth complex figure task (Rey, 1941; see also Spiers et al., 2001).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citation
Anterior thalamic function is required for spatial coding in the subiculum and is necessary for spatial memoryPreprint
Frost, B. E., Martin, S. K., Cafalchio, M., Islam, M. N., Aggleton, J. P., & O’Mara, S. M. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.01.31.928762 · Cited by 5
Deficits in egocentric-updating and spatial context memory in a case of developmental amnesia
Gomez, A., Rousset, S., Bonniot, C., Charnallet, A., & Moreaud, O. (2014) · Neurocase · doi:10.1080/13554794.2014.890730 · Cited by 8
“Unsurprisingly, DM is severely impaired on the experimental episodic recall task as expected in developmental and acquired amnesia (Baddeley et al., 2001; Duzel et al., 2001; Spiers et al., 2001; Vargha-Khadem, 1997).”
Background
Relational and non‐relational memory – electrophysiological correlates of novelty detection, repetition detection and subsequent memory
Soei, E., Bellebaum, C., & Daum, I. (2009) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06592.x · Cited by 5
“However, studies of the sequelae of HC lesions in patients and with healthy humans (Spiers et al., 2001; Soei & Daum, 2008) support the hypothesis of a more general role of the HC in RM (Eichenbaum, 2004), and assessment of the processes involved in spatial and non-spatial RM and spatially based…”
Background
Determinants of individual navigation ability
Yavuz, E., & Spiers, H. J. (2026) · Nature Reviews Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44159-026-00544-3 · Cited by 7
Self-citation
Splenial white matter integrity is associated with memory impairments in posterior cortical atrophy
Overman, M. J., Zamboni, G., Butler, C., & Ahmed, S. (2021) · Brain Communications · doi:10.1093/braincomms/fcab060 · Cited by 4
“39 The underlying mechanisms linking these posterior cortical regions to memory remain under debate (for reviews, see Refs.”
Background
Can face recognition be selectively preserved in some cases of amnesia? A cautionary tale
Wingrove, J. R. B., & Tree, J. J. (2024) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2024.01.009 · Cited by 4
“The amnesic syndrome is characterised by the loss of this declarative memory system, where lesions to hippocampal regions and surrounding cortices lead to global deﬁcits in memory (Spiers, Maguire, & Burgess, 2001).”
Creativity, Comprehension, Conversation and the Hippocampal Region: New Data and Theory
MacKay, D. G., & Goldstein, R. (2016) · AIMS neuroscience · doi:10.3934/neuroscience.2016.1.105 · Cited by 4
Chapter 5.2 Using hippocampal amnesia to understand the neural basis of diencephalic amnesia
Aggleton, J. P., Saunders, R. C., & Vann, S. D. (2008) · Handbook of behavioral neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s1569-7339(08)00227-0 · Cited by 4
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Tavakol, S., Kebets, V., Royer, J., Li, Q., Auer, H., DeKraker, J., Jefferies, E., Bernasconi, N., Bernasconi, A., Helmstaedter, C., et al. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.11.01.514752 · Cited by 4
Memory
Brewer, J. B., Gabrieli, J. D. E., Preston, A. R., Vaidya, C. J., & Rosen, A. C. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-141603618-0.10005-0 · Cited by 3
The role of the hippocampus and retrosplenial cortex in spatial memory: a double blind anodal transcranial direct current stimulation study
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“…accurate spatial mapping and navigation (Bohbot et al., 1998; Burgess et al., 2002), the left HIP appears more involved in episodic and verbal contextual memory, particularly in reconstructing spatial scenes from sequential or incomplete visual cues (Spiers et al., 2001; Maguire and Frith, 2003).”
Normal Alert Consciousness: A Central Executive Model of Hippocampal Function
Burman, D. D. (2023) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.111569 · Cited by 3
L’apprentissage de nouvelles informations sémantiques par les patients amnésiques : une revue de la littérature
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“Pour Squire (1992), l’hippocampe sous-tendrait directement la mémoire sémantique ; pour VarghaKhadem et ses collaborateurs (1997), la mémoire sémantique dépendrait de la région parahippocampique et des cortex entorhinal et perirhinal. En se basant sur un large corpus d’études, Verfaellie (2000) confirme l’hypothèse av…”
Background

Authors: Spiers, H. J., Maguire, E. A., & Burgess, N.
Affiliations: University College London (GB)
ORCID: Spiers, Hugo J.
Maguire, Eleanor A.
Burgess, Neil
Venue: Neurocase
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2001-01
Volume: 7
Issue: 5
Pages: 357-382
ISSN: 1355-4794 (ISSN-L)
1465-3656
DOI: 10.1076/neur.7.5.357.16245
OpenAlex: W4250877397
Cited by: 249
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 15
FWCI: 3.67
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Neurocase (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Research Councils UK
Medical Research Council
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
Keywords: hippocampal amnesia, fornix lesions, anterograde amnesia, retrograde amnesia, episodic memory, procedural memory, working memory, semantic memory, familiarity-based recognition, lesion size, hemispheric lateralization, case series
MeSH terms: Amnesia, Amnesia, Retrograde, Brain Mapping, Hippocampus, Humans, Mental Recall, Entorhinal Cortex, Fornix, Brain

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