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Food, youth and the Mediterranean diet in Spain. Development of KIDMED, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents

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Serra-Majem, Lluís, Ribas, Lourdes, Ngo, Joy, Ortega, Rosa M, García, Alicia, Pérez-Rodrigo, Carmen, Aranceta, Javier·2004·Public Health Nutrition
DOI 10.1079/phn2004556
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Abstract

Objective: To evaluate dietary habits in Spanish children and adolescents based on a Mediterranean Diet Quality Index tool, which considers certain principles sustaining and challenging traditional healthy Mediterranean dietary patterns. Design: Observational population-based cross-sectional study. A 16-item Mediterranean Diet Quality Index was included in data gathered for the EnKid study (in which two 24-hour recalls, a quantitative 169-item food-frequency questionnaire and a general questionnaire about socio-economic, demographic and lifestyle items were administered). Setting: Spain. Subjects: In total, 3850 children and youths aged 2–24 years residing in Spain. Results: Of the sample, 4.2% showed very low KIDMED index results, 49.4% had intermediate values and 46.4% had high index results. Important geographical differences were seen, with subjects from the Northeast showing the most favourable outcomes (52% with elevated scores vs. 37.5% of those from the North). Lower percentages of high diet quality were observed in low socio-economic groups, compared with middle and upper income cohorts (42.8%, 47.6% and 54.9%, respectively). Large cities had more positive results and only slight variations were seen for gender and age. Conclusions: The KIDMED index, the first to evaluate the adequacy of Mediterranean dietary patterns in children and youth, confirms that this collective is undergoing important changes, which makes them a priority target for nutrition interventions. Results challenge certain commonly perceived notions tied to income level, population size and diet quality.

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Authors
Serra-Majem, L., Ribas, L., Ngo, J., Ortega, R. M., García, A., Pérez-Rodrigo, C., & Aranceta, J.
Venue
Public Health Nutrition
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published
2004-10
Volume
7
Issue
7
Pages
931-935
ISSN
  • 1368-9800 (ISSN-L)
  • 1475-2727
DOI
10.1079/phn2004556
OpenAlex
W2013575834
Cited by
1,343
References
0
FWCI
2.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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