Information integration and the object display An interaction of task demands and display superiority
Abstract
Two tasks, varying in their demands to integrate multiple information sources, were used in a comparison of two graphical display formats. One display technique, an ‘object display’, utilized different dimensions of a single perceptual object to display task-relevant information. A contrasting graphical technique, a ‘bar graph’, used the same dimension of several separate objects to present identical information. In one experiment, 24 subjects used both displays to perform a simulated process control task in which integration of information from several time-varying sources was required. In a second experiment, 20 additional subjects used both displays in a non-integration task that required monitoring for particular values of six independent system outputs. Results of the integration experiment revealed that performance was superior when the object display was used. However, when the non-integration task was studied, the bar graphs provided more efficient performance. Thus, the requirement to integrate information from several sources may prove to be a predictor of when object displays may be most effectively used.
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The level of cognitive control will vary as a joint function of the level of skill of the operator and the level of complexity of task demands.
“In particular, the level of cognitive control will also vary as a joint function of the level of skill of the operator and the level of complexity of task demands.”
From Ecological interface design: theoretical foundations (1992) · cites this paper as [94]
The SRK taxonomy has become a widely accepted framework for describing the various mechanisms that people have for processing information.
“In the systems reliability and cognitive engineering communities, the SRK taxonomy [79] has become a widely accepted framework for describing the various mechanisms that people have for processing information [90, 94].”
From Ecological interface design: theoretical foundations (1992) · cites this paper as [94]
The psychological demands imposed by a given task depend on the level of skill of the operator.
“The important point for the present discussion is that the psychological demands imposed by a given task depend on the level of skill of the operator [53, 68, 75, 941.”
From Ecological interface design: theoretical foundations (1992) · cites this paper as [94]
More experienced operators are able to deal with most task demands by relying on lower levels of cognitive control.
“More experienced operators are able to deal with most task demands by relying on lower levels of cognitive control (cf. [ 1 8, 49, 68, 79, 89, 94]).”
From Ecological interface design: theoretical foundations (1992) · cites this paper as [94]
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- Authors
- Melody Carswell, C., & Wickens, C. D.
- Affiliations
- a Department of Psychology , University of Illinois , Champaign, Illinois, U.S.A.
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Venue
- Ergonomics
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1987-03
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 511-527
- ISSN
- 0014-0139 (ISSN-L)
- 1366-5847
- OpenAlex
- W1990041608
- Cited by
- 169
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 14.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Ergonomics (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Data Visualization and Analytics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Usability and User Interface Design
- Keywords
- object display, bar charts, information integration, process control, time-varying information, task demands, display design
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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