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Regional Innovation Systems: Theory, Empirics and Policy

Asheim, Bjorn T., Smith, Helen Lawton, Oughton, Christine·2011·Regional Studies

Abstract

Asheim B. T., Lawton Smith H. and Oughton C. Regional innovation systems: theory, empirics and policy, Regional Studies. Interest in regional innovation systems has grown significantly over the past three decades driven partly by advances in theoretical analysis, partly by the growing interest in innovation as a source of competitive advantage, and partly by the need for new policies to address regional inequalities and divergence. This article explores the elements and characteristics that exemplify the regional innovation systems approach. It provides an appraisal and synthesis of the regional innovation systems paradigm and aims to shed light on a number of areas where theoretical, empirical and policy-based questions remain unanswered. It outlines and assesses the major strands in recent theoretical and empirical debates and discusses how they might be developed to contribute to the further advancement of the regional innovation systems literature. Three interrelated questions form the key themes around which the article is structured. The first concerns the very nature of the system itself. The second concerns the boundaries of industrial districts, clusters and regional innovation systems, and the role of cognitive frontiers, knowledge transfer and learning. The third relates to the central role of knowledge and learning in clusters and regional innovation systems and in particular to the role and functioning of the labour market. These three cross-cutting themes separately and collectively provide new theoretical, empirical and policy insights; they also raise other questions which are intended to stimulate much future research. Asheim B. T., Lawton Smith H. and Oughton C. 区域创新系统:理论、实践以及政策,区域研究。 对区域创新系统的关注在过去的 30 年内得到显著提高,这部分归因于理论分析的进步,也由于创新是竞争优势的源头,同时也基于新政策强调区域不公平以及区域差异的需求。本文考察了对区域创新系统方法进行分析的要素以及特征。文章通过对区域创新系统范式的评价以及综合分析为理论、实践以及政策领域做出相应的贡献。研究概述并评价了目前理论及实践研究中主要的分支,讨论了他们在区域创新系统研究中的下一步发展方向。文章围绕三个理论核心展开。首先考虑系统本身的性质。其次考虑产业区、集群以及区域创新系统的边界,认知前沿、知识转换以及学习过程的作用。第三是知识与学习在集群及区域创新系统尤其是劳动力市场职能中的核心作用。上述三类跨界的主题各自或者整合地提供了新的理论、实践以及政策视角,同时也指出未来研究中需要注意的问题。 区域创新系统 产业区 集群 知识与学习 劳动力市场 Asheim B. T., Lawton Smith H. et Oughton C. Les systèmes d'innovation régionaux: la théorie, l'empiricisme et la politique, Regional Studies. L'intérêt pour les systèmes d'innovation régionaux a augmenté sensiblement pendant les trois dernières décennies, conduit en partie par les progrès dans l'analyse théorique, en partie par l'intérêt croissant pour l'innovation comme source de l'avantage compétitif, et en partie par la nécessité des politiques nouvelles pour aborder les écarts et les divergences régionaux. Cet article examine les éléments et les caractéristiques qui illustrent les façons d'aborder les systèmes d'innovation régionaux. On évalue et synthétise le paradigme des systèmes d'innovation régionaux et éclaircit un nombre de questions théoriques, empiriques et de politiques auxquelles il faut toujours répondre. On esquisse et évalue les principaux fils des débats théoriques et empiriques récents et on discute comment on pourrait les développer afin de contribuer au progrès de la documentation sur les systèmes d'innovation régionaux. Trois questions interdépendantes constituent les thèmes clés à partir desquels on structure l'article. Le premier traite de la nature même du système. Le deuxième concerne les limites des districts industriels, des clusters et des systèmes d'innovation régionaux, et le rôle des frontières cognitives, du transfert de la connaissance et de l'apprentissage. Le troisième se rapporte au rôle primordial de la connaissance et de l'apprentissage dans les clusters et les systèmes d'innovation régionaux, et en particulier au rôle et au fonctionnement du marché du travail. Ces trois thèmes interdépendants fournissent séparément et collectivement de nouvels aperçus théoriques, empiriques et de politique; ils posent aussi d'autres questions qui visent à encourager beaucoup de recherche future. Systèmes d'innovation régionaux Districts industriels Clusters Connaissance et apprentissage Marchés du travail Asheim B. T., Lawton Smith H. und Oughton C. Regionale Innovationssysteme: Theorie, Empirie und Politik, Regional Studies. In den letzten drei Jahrzehnten ist das Interesse an regionalen Innovationssystemen stark gewachsen, was teils auf die Fortschritte bei der theoretischen Analyse, teils auf das wachsende Interesse an der Innovation als Quelle von Wettbewerbsvorteilen und teils auf den Bedarf an neuen Politiken zum Ausgleich von regionalen Ungleichgewichten und Divergenzen zurückzuführen ist. In diesem Beitrag werden die Elemente und Merkmale zur Veranschaulichung des Ansatzes für regionale Innovationssysteme untersucht. Wir nehmen eine Bewertung und Synthese des Paradigmas der regionalen Innovationssysteme vor und versuchen, Aufschluss über zahlreiche Bereiche mit offenen theoretischen, empirischen und politischen Fragen zu geben. Wir beschreiben und bewerten die wichtigsten Strömungen der aktuellen theoretischen

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Metadata

Authors
Asheim, B. T., Smith, H. L., & Oughton, C.
Venue
Regional Studies
Published
2011-07
Volume
45
Issue
7
Pages
875-891
ISSN
  • 0034-3404 (ISSN-L)
  • 1360-0591
OpenAlex
W2132636444
Cited by
719
References
88
FWCI
163.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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Asheim, B. T., Smith, H. L., & Oughton, C. (2011). Regional Innovation Systems: Theory, Empirics and Policy. Regional Studies. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2011.596701

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