The Application of Fish Scales in Removing Heavy, Metals from Energy-Produced Waste Streams: The Role of Microbes
Abstract
In energy production, heavy metals pose significant contamination hazards. For example, the petroleum industry generates wastes that are often high in heavy metal concentrations. Heavy metals are very toxic and extremely deleterious to humans, plants, and animals. Application of fish scale to remove heavy metals is a very recent innovation. It is an environmentally appealing and economically attractive alternative to current heavy metal adsorbing materials. Previously, the adsorption phenomenon on this exotic waste material was explained by only physical-chemical reactions. Biological effects on adsorption of heavy metals such as lead, arsenic, and chromium were studied using Atlantic Cod scale. The difference in results between nonsterilized and sterilized experiments shows the microbial contribution to heavy metal removal. Results show a wide range of microbial contribution in removing chromium cations. For lead and arsenic cations, the effect is less. Measurement of pH gives some indication of the microbial role in the biosorption process and of the presence of possible microbial species.
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The uptake abilities of scales from different fish species should be similar because most fish scales contain significant portions of organic protein (collagen), and the structure of collagen contains functional groups such as phosphate, carboxyl, amine and amide that are implicated in the biosorption process.
“The uptake abilities of scales from different fish species should be similar because most fish scales contain significant portions of organic protein (collagen), and the structure of collagen contains alluring functional groups, such as phosphate, carboxyl, amine and amide, that are implicated in the biosorption process.186”
From Sustainable hybrid photocatalysts: titania immobilized on carbon materials derived from renewable and biodegradable resources (2016) · cites this paper as [186]
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Adsorption of heavy metal ions by various low-cost adsorbents: a review
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- Authors
- MUSTAFIZ, S.
- Affiliations
- Dalhousie University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- MUSTAFIZ, S.
- Venue
- Energy Sources
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2003-09
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 905-916
- ISSN
- 0090-8312 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-0510
- OpenAlex
- W2086656774
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 0.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Energy Sources (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Heavy Metal Pollution Remediation
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Keywords
- fish scales, heavy metal removal, biosorption, petroleum waste, lead, arsenic, chromium, sterilization, pH effect, adsorption
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