The DOI matches its Crossref record; 67 of the 71 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The New American School: preparation for post‐industrial discipline
Abstract
In this article we consider how broad shifts in social relations over the past 30 years have given rise to new social control regimes in US public schools. We argue that the contemporary mechanisms of control engendered by mass incarceration and post‐industrialization have re‐shaped school discipline. To illustrate contemporary discipline in the ‘New American School,’ we discuss the emergence of police officers and technological surveillance in schools. These two strategies of school social control facilitate the link between courts and schools, and expose students to both the salience of crime control in everyday life and to the demands of workers in a post‐industrial world. By incorporating police officers and technological surveillance into the school safety regime, schools shape the experiences of students in ways that reflect modern relationships of dependency, inequality, and instability vis‐à‐vis the contemporary power dynamics of the post‐industrialist labor market and the neoliberal state.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“the evolution of schools from relatively open sites for learning to settings that replicate the features of control and surveillance common to the criminal legal system (Hirschfield 2008;Kupchik and Monahan 2006;Rios 2017).”
From The Rise of the Carceral State: Foundations and Contours of a Rapidly Changing Criminal Legal System (2025) · cites this paper as Kupchik and Monahan 2006
Citations
Cites
(1980) · Cited by 22,286
Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison
D’Amico, R. (1978) · Telos · doi:10.3817/0678036169 · Cited by 19,439
Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison.
Tarbet, D. W., Foucault, M., & Sheridan, A. (1978) · Eighteenth-Century Studies · doi:10.2307/2737970 · Cited by 19,271
Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison.
Zukin, S., Foucault, M., & Sheridan, A. (1996) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2077073 · Cited by 15,381
(2015) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315712383-22 · Cited by 10,894
Noble, C. (1988) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1961794 · Cited by 6,176
The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, The Underclass, and Public Policy.
Watson, B. C., & Wilson, W. J. (1988) · The Journal of Negro Education · doi:10.2307/2295455 · Cited by 6,018
Learning to Labor: How Working Class Kids Get Working Class Jobs.
Hagan, J., & Willis, P. A. (1996) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2077050 · Cited by 5,735
Sassen, S. (1991) · Cited by 5,394
Garland, D. (2001) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003060581-51 · Cited by 5,294
The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change
Clarke, P. W., & Harvey, D. (1991) · Journal of Architectural Education · doi:10.2307/1425268 · Cited by 4,962
The condition of postmodernity: an enquiry into the origins of cultural change
(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.27-5886 · Cited by 4,790
Sassen, S. (2001) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9781400847488 · Cited by 4,603
Graham, S., & Marvin, S. (2002) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203452202 · Cited by 3,694
Code of the Street: Decency, Violence, and the Moral Life of the Inner City
Halnon, K. B., & Anderson, E. (2001) · Teaching Sociology · doi:10.2307/1318956 · Cited by 3,614
The culture of control: crime and social order in contemporary society
(2002) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.39-3104 · Cited by 3,580
Keeping Track: How Schools Structure Inequality.
Oromaner, M. J., & Oakes, J. (1986) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2070941 · Cited by 3,425
The twilight of equality?: neoliberalism, cultural politics, and the attack on democracy
(2004) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.41-6822 · Cited by 2,995
Schooling in Capitalist America: Educational Reform and the Contradictions of Economic Life
Field, A. J., Bowles, S., & Gintis, H. M. (1977) · The Journal of Human Resources · doi:10.2307/145392 · Cited by 2,901
The global city: New York, London, Tokyo
Sassen, S. 1. (1992) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-4010 · Cited by 2,822
Strathern, M. (2003) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203449721 · Cited by 2,665
Whitty, G., & Apple, M. W. (1982) · British Journal of Educational Studies · doi:10.2307/3121566 · Cited by 2,199
City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles.
Horton, J., & Davis, M. (1991) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2076190 · Cited by 2,013
Splintering Urbanism: Networked Infrastructures, Technological Mobilities and the Urban Condition
Graham, S., & Marvin, S. (2001) · Durham Research Online (Durham University) · Cited by 1,775
Caldeira, T. P. R. (2000) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/9780520341593 · Cited by 1,715
Apple, M. W. (1979) · Taylor & Francis eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203241219 · Cited by 1,551
The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change.
Schneider, M. A., & Harvey, D. (1991) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2072256 · Cited by 1,534
Autonomous Technology: Technics-out-of-Control as a Theme in Political Thought
Carpenter, S. R., & Winner, L. (1978) · Technology and Culture · doi:10.2307/3103332 · Cited by 1,533
City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles
(2008) · Capital & Class · doi:10.1177/030981680809400115 · Cited by 1,356
(1995) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,344
Rice, T. K. (2014) · Encyclopedia of Special Education · doi:10.1002/9781118660584.ese1088 · Cited by 1,343
The One Best System: A History of American Urban Education
Larrabee, H. A., & TYACK, D. B. (1976) · The New England Quarterly · doi:10.2307/364577 · Cited by 1,324
Deadly Symbiosis: When Ghetto and Prison Meet and Mesh
WACQUANT, L. (2001) · Punishment & Society · doi:10.1177/14624740122228276 · Cited by 1,215
The One Best System: A History of American Urban Education
TYACK, D. B. (1974) · doi:10.2307/j.ctv136c61j · Cited by 1,070
Invisible punishment : the collateral consequences of mass imprisonment
Mauer, M., & Chesney‐Lind, M. (2002) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 924
City of Walls: Crime, Segregation, and Citizenship in São Paulo
Caldeira, T. P. D. R. (2000) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 846
Flexible bodies: tracking immunity in American culture--from the days of polio to the age of AIDS
(1995) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-4538 · Cited by 754
Undercover: police surveillance in America
(1988) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.26-2186 · Cited by 525
Marx, G. T. (1988) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/9780520910041 · Cited by 428
The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Contemporary Society
Hannah‐Moffat, K., & Garland, D. (2002) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/3090074 · Cited by 392
Mass Imprisonment: Social Causes and Consequences
Garland, D. (2001) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781446221228 · Cited by 364
Rampage: the social roots of school shootings
(2004) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.42-1019 · Cited by 346
Preventing and Producing Violence: A Critical Analysis of Responses to School Violence
Noguera, P. A. (1995) · Harvard Educational Review · doi:10.17763/haer.65.2.e4615g5374044q28 · Cited by 341
Search and destroy: African-American males in the criminal justice system
(1996) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.34-2479 · Cited by 287
Miller, J. G. (1996) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511621574 · Cited by 281
Violence and Discipline Problems in U.S. Public Schools: 1996-97
Heaviside, S., Rowand, C., Williams, C., Farris, E., Burns, S., & McArthur, E. (1998) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e429562005-001 · Cited by 269
Maximum security: the culture of violence in inner-city schools
(1997) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.34-5806 · Cited by 250
School shootings, the media, and public fear: Ingredientsfor a moral panic
Burns, R. G., & Crawford, C. (1999) · Crime Law and Social Change · doi:10.1023/a:1008338323953 · Cited by 214
The Social Construction of School Punishment: Racial Disadvantage Out of Universalistic Process
McCarthy, J. D., & Hoge, D. R. (1987) · Social Forces · doi:10.1093/sf/65.4.1101 · Cited by 201
Maximum Security: The Culture of Violence in Inner-City Schools
Payne, C., & Devine, J. (1997) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2654652 · Cited by 173
Deadly Lessons: Understanding Lethal School Violence.
Moore, M. H., Petrie, C., Braga, A. A., & McLaughlin, B. L. (2002) · Cited by 168
Staddon, C. (1993) · UKnowledge (University of Kentucky) · doi:10.13023/disclosure.02.21 · Cited by 162
Saltman, K. J., & Gabbard, D. A. (2003) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203465585 · Cited by 147
Introduction: The Meaning of Mass Imprisonment
GARLAND, D. (2001) · Punishment & Society · doi:10.1177/14624740122228203 · Cited by 128
Johnson, I. M. (1999) · Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1016/s0047-2352(98)00049-x · Cited by 124
Police‐school resource officers’ and students’ perception of the police and offending
Jackson, A. L. (2002) · Policing An International Journal · doi:10.1108/13639510210437078 · Cited by 113
Schooling in Capitalist America: Educational Reform and the Contradictions of Economic Life.
Useem, M., Bowles, S., & Gintis, H. M. (1977) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2062685 · Cited by 113
Globalization, Technological Change, and Public Education
Monahan, T. (2013) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203632987 · Cited by 109
Self-citationExpansion of Police Power In Public Schools and the Vanishing Rights of Students
Beger, R. R. (2002) · Social Justice A Journal of Crime Conflict & World Order · Cited by 94
Braman, D. (2002) · The New Press eBooks · doi:10.1037/e513872006-001 · Cited by 92
The Costs of Privacy: Surveillance and Reputation in America.
Rule, J. B., & Nock, S. L. (1994) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2075358 · Cited by 89
School Shootings and the Man-Bites-Dog Criterion of Newsworthiness
Lawrence, R. A., & Mueller, D. G. (2003) · Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice · doi:10.1177/1541204003255842 · Cited by 72
Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 2003
Harrison, P. M., & Karberg, J. C. (2004) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e482212006-001 · Cited by 60
Lynch, M. (2004) · Punishment & Society · doi:10.1177/1462474504043631 · Cited by 52
School Policy and Environment: Results from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2000
Small, M. L., Jones, S. E., Barrios, L. C., Crossett, L. S., Dahlberg, L. L., Albuquerque, M. S., Sleet, D. A., Greene, B. Z., & Schmidt, E. R. (2001) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2001.tb03511.x · Cited by 45
Brotherton, D. C. (1996) · The Urban Review · doi:10.1007/bf02354380 · Cited by 30
School Resource Officer Training Program
Girouard, C. (2001) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e381422004-001 · Cited by 24
Research works printed but not linked: 18
- 2001, Safety in schools: are we on the right track?
- Apple M. W., 2000, Globalization and education: critical perspectives
- Beger R. R., 2002, Social Justice, 29, 119
- Castells M., 1996, The rise of the network society
- 2003, School district installs cameras in every class, hall
- Cohen H., 2004, The Miami Herald, 1A
- Deleuze G., 1992, October, 59, 3
- Dillon S., 2003, New York Times, B9
- Gootman E., 2004, The New York Times
- Hardt M., 2000, Empire
- Horne T., 2004, School safety program guidance manual
- Kossan P., 2003, Arizona Republic
- Mauer M., 2003, Comparative international rates of incarceration: an examination of causes and trends
- 10.2307/2579025 · DOI
- Medina J., 2002, The New York Times, B4
- Mulqueen S., 1999, American School and University, 71, SS17
- Tran Q., 2004, Arizona Republic, B1
- Wacquant L., 2001, Mass imprisonment: social causes and consequences
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Preparing for prison?: The criminalization of school discipline in the USA
Hirschfield, P. J. (2008) · Theoretical Criminology · doi:10.1177/1362480607085795 · Cited by 590
The Punishment Gap: School Suspension and Racial Disparities in Achievement
Morris, E. W., & Perry, B. L. (2016) · Social Problems · doi:10.1093/socpro/spv026 · Cited by 545
Racial Threat and Punitive School Discipline
Welch, K., & Payne, A. A. (2010) · Social Problems · doi:10.1525/sp.2010.57.1.25 · Cited by 445
Police Officers in Schools: Effects on School Crime and the Processing of Offending Behaviors
Na, C., & Gottfredson, D. C. (2011) · Justice Quarterly · doi:10.1080/07418825.2011.615754 · Cited by 350
The School-to-Prison Pipeline: A Critical Review of the Punitive Paradigm Shift
Mallett, C. A. (2015) · Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10560-015-0397-1 · Cited by 230
Metadata
- Authors
- Kupchik, A., & Monahan, T.
- Affiliations
- University of Delaware (US)
- Arizona State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kupchik, Aaron
- Venue
- British Journal of Sociology of Education
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2006-11
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 617-631
- ISSN
- 0142-5692 (ISSN-L)
- 1465-3346
- OpenAlex
- W2148461591
- Cited by
- 255
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 14.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- British Journal of Sociology of Education (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Education Discipline and Inequality
- Social Sciences › Law › Criminal Justice and Penology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime, Deviance, and Social Control
- Keywords
- student discipline, social control in schools, mass incarceration, post-industrial society, school policing, school safety, crime control, neoliberalism, labor market, dependency, inequality, United States public schools
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review