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Cited by 14Phytoestrogen effects and researchEstrogen and related hormone effectsPhytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities

Urinary estrogen metabolites during a randomized soy trial

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Morimoto, Yukiko, Conroy, Shannon M., Pagano, Ian S., Isaki, Marissa, Franke, Adrian A., Nordt, Frank J., Maskarinec, Gertraud·2012·Nutrition and Cancer
DOI 10.1080/01635581.2012.648819PMC PMC3279611
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Abstract

One of the hypothesized protective mechanisms of soy against breast cancer involves changes in estrogen metabolism to 2-hydroxy (OH) and 16α-OH estrogens. The current analysis examined the effect of soy foods on the 2:16α-OH E(1) ratio among premenopausal women during a randomized, crossover intervention study; women were stratified by equol producer status, a characteristic thought to enhance the protective effects of soy isoflavones. The study consisted of a high-soy diet with 2 soy food servings/day and a low-soy diet with <3 servings of soy/wk for 6 mo each; estrogen metabolites were measured in 3 overnight urines (baseline and at the end of the low- and high-soy diet) using gas chromatography mass spectrometry for the 82 women who completed the study. Urinary isoflavonoids were assessed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. When applying mixed models, the 2:16α-OH E(1) ratio increased (P = 0.05) because of a nonsignificant decrease in 16α-OH E(1) (P = 0.21) at the end of the high-soy diet. Similar nonsignificant increases in the 2:16α-OH E(1) ratio were observed in equol producers (P = 0.13) and nonproducers (P = 0.23). These findings suggest a beneficial influence of soy foods on estrogen metabolism regardless of equol producer status.

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  • Of nine RCTs assessing impact of soy on estrogen metabolism via urinary metabolites, five reports of six studies found no significant change in 2-hydroxyestrone, 16α-hydroxyestrone, or 2:16α hydroxyestrone ratio compared to control.

    “Of these, five reports of six studies found no significant change in 2-hydroxyestrone, 16α-hydroxyestrone, or 2:16α hydroxyestrone ratio compared to the control group (p>0.05 for all) [148,149,156,161,164].”

    From Soy, Red Clover, and Isoflavones and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review (2013) · cites this paper as [164]

    The Results report no change in 2-hydroxyestrone (p=0.40) and a nonsignificant decrease in 16α-hydroxyestrone (p=0.21). But they report a marginally significant increase in the 2:16α ratio (p=0.05), not p>0.05 for all three outcomes. (LLM, conf=0.90)

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Research works printed but not linked: 34

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Morimoto, Y., Conroy, S. M., Pagano, I. S., Isaki, M., Franke, A. A., Nordt, F. J., & Maskarinec, G.
Affiliations
University of Hawaii Cancer Center (US)
ORCID
Venue
Nutrition and Cancer
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2012-02
Volume
64
Issue
2
Pages
307-314
ISSN
  • 0163-5581 (ISSN-L)
  • 1532-7914
DOI
10.1080/01635581.2012.648819
PMC
PMC3279611
OpenAlex
W2082370144
Cited by
14
References
1
Citations by year
2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
FWCI
1.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nutrition and Cancer (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (1s10rr020890-01)
  • National Cancer Institute (R01CA080843, R25CA090956, P30CA071789)
  • National Center for Research Resources (S10-RR020890)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Phytoestrogen effects and research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Keywords
soy products, estrogen metabolism, urinary estrogen metabolites, 2-hydroxyestrone, 16α-hydroxyestrone, isoflavonoids, breast cancer chemoprevention, premenopausal women
MeSH terms
Adult, China, Diet, Estrogens, Ethnicity, Female, Flavonoids, Hawaii, Humans, Hydroxyestrones, Isoflavones, Japan, Korea, Middle Aged, Philippines, Premenopause, Cross-Over Studies, White People, Soy Foods, Equol

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