Cultivating health and wellbeing: members’ perceptions of the health benefits of a Port Melbourne community garden.

Kingsley, Jonathan ‘Yotti’; Townsend, Mardie; Henderson‐Wilson, Claire

doi:10.1080/02614360902769894

Cited by 285Urban Agriculture and SustainabilityUrban Green Space and HealthRecreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management

Cultivating health and wellbeing: members’ perceptions of the health benefits of a Port Melbourne community garden.

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Kingsley, Jonathan ‘Yotti’, Townsend, Mardie, Henderson‐Wilson, Claire·2009·Leisure Studies

DOI 10.1080/02614360902769894

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Abstract

This paper reports on a research project undertaken with members of a community garden in Port Melbourne, Australia, to investigate the ways in which such a facility contributes to the enhancement of health, wellbeing and contact with nature for urban dwellers. Ten members from an urban community garden were interviewed using qualitative semi‐structured questions exploring perceptions of health and wellbeing benefits associated with membership. The garden was felt by members to be a sanctuary where people could come together and escape daily pressures, a source of advice and social support, and a place which gave them a sense of worth and involvement. Members also identified spiritual, fitness and nutritional benefits arising from participation in the community garden. It is evident even from this small qualitative study that community gardening offers many health and wellbeing benefits to members. This study provides a basis for the benefits of community gardens in Australia to be taken into account by policy‐makers and practitioners to enhance urban community health and wellbeing.

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Kingsley, J., Foenander, E., & Bailey, A. (2020) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126640 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Growing an Urban Oasis: A Qualitative Study of the Perceived Benefits of Community Gardening in B altimore, M aryland
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Color me healthy: Food diversity in school community gardens in two rapidly urbanising Australian cities
Guitart, D. A., Pickering, C. M., & Byrne, J. (2014) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2013.12.014 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
“In a community garden in Port Melbourne for example, members universally described community gardening as beneficial to their health and well being (Kingsley et al., 2009).”
Influential
The Work of Community Gardens: Reclaiming Place for Community in the City
Cumbers, A., Shaw, D., Crossan, J., & McMaster, R. (2017) · Work Employment and Society · doi:10.1177/0950017017695042 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
“The growing trend towards ‘grow your own’ and ‘make and mend’ among some social groups signifies attempts to disconnect from the economic mainstream to develop more harmonious relations around work, consumption and the environment (e.g. Brook, 2012; Kingsley et al., 2009; Wise, 2014).”
Background
Monitoring and mitigation of toxic heavy metals and arsenic accumulation in food crops: A case study of an urban community garden
Cooper, A. M., Felix, D., Alcântara, F. A. D., Zaslavsky, I., Work, A., Watson, P. L., Pezzoli, K., Yu, Q., Zhu, D. S., Scavo, A. J., et al. (2020) · Plant Direct · doi:10.1002/pld3.198 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Community Gardens as Environmental Health Interventions: Benefits Versus Potential Risks
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Multicultural gardeners and park users benefit from and attach diverse values to urban nature spaces
Egerer, M., Ordóñez, C., Lin, B. B., & Kendal, D. (2019) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2019.126445 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Exploring the co-benefits (and costs) of home gardening for biodiversity conservation
Raymond, C. M., Diduck, A. P., Buijs, A. E., Boerchers, M., & Moquin, R. (2018) · Local Environment · doi:10.1080/13549839.2018.1561657 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Urban and Peri-Urban Agriculture as a Tool for Food Security and Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation: The Case of Mestre
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“UPA also has benefits for human well-being, especially related to mental and psychological health, and stress recovery [57,58].”
Background
Volunteer health and emotional wellbeing in marine protected areas
Koss, R., & Kingsley, J. ‘. (2010) · Ocean & Coastal Management · doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2010.06.002 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Environmental and social dimensions of community gardens in East Harlem
Petrović, N., Simpson, T., Orlove, B., & Dowd‐Uribe, B. (2018) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.10.009 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Healthy Parks Healthy People: the state of the evidence 2015
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Experimental Study on the Health Benefits of Garden Landscape
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City dwelling wild bees: how communal gardens promote species richness
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“Communal gardens are defined as open space designed gardens, where the local community cultivates flowers and crops (Holland 2004; Kingsley et al. 2009).”
Background
Placemaking in Action: Factors That Support or Obstruct the Development of Urban Community Gardens
Wesener, A., Fox-Kämper, R., Sondermann, M., & Münderlein, D. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12020657 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
“A lack of time to work in the garden may be an individual barrier [28,34,44,74,118], confirmed by four of our cases.”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Urban community gardening, social capital, and "integration" – a mixed method exploration of urban "integration-gardening" in Copenhagen, Denmark
Christensen, S., Dyg, P. M., & Allenberg, K. (2018) · Local Environment · doi:10.1080/13549839.2018.1561655 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
‘Growing your own’: A multi-level modelling approach to understanding personal food growing trends and motivations in Europe
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“This suggests, for some people at least, that food growing is associated with leisure rather than subsistence activity (Kingsley et al., 2009; Burchardt, 2010), although there is no indication of how this affects the lives of these people more generally.”
Influential
Barriers to community garden success: Demonstrating framework for expert consensus to inform policy and practice
Diaz, J. M., Webb, S. T., Warner, L. A. S., & Monaghan, P. F. (2018) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2018.02.014 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“…land, the physical attributes of garden sites can also create obstacles, including soil contamination (Cohen and Reynolds, 2015; Wakefield et al., 2007), water access (Drake and Lawson, 2015b; Wakefield et al., 2007) and lack of available facilities, such as restrooms (Kingsley et al., 2009).”
Background
Gardening as a Potential Activity to Reduce Falls in Older Adults
Chen, T., & Janke, M. C. (2012) · Journal of Aging and Physical Activity · doi:10.1123/japa.20.1.15 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Characteristics and motivations of potential users of urban allotment gardens: The case of Vila Nova de Gaia municipal network of urban allotment gardens
da Silva, I. M., Fernandes, C., Castiglione, B., & Costa, L. (2016) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2016.07.014 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Gardener demographics, experience, and motivations drive differences in plant species richness and composition in urban gardens
Philpott, S. M., Egerer, M., Bichier, P., Cohen, H., Cohen, R., Liere, H., Jha, S., & Lin, B. B. (2020) · Ecology and Society · doi:10.5751/es-11666-250408 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“Gardens also promote physical and mental health by providing opportunities for exercise and meaningful human-nature interactions (Macintyre et al. 2003, Saldivar-Tanaka and Krasny 2004, Wakefield et al. 2007, Kingsley et al. 2009).”
Background
From job training to green jobs: a case study of a young adult employment program centered on environmental restoration in New York City, USA
Falxa-Raymond, N., Svendsen, E., & Campbell, L. K. (2013) · Urban Forestry & Urban Greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2013.04.003 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Entangled recovery: refugee encounters in community gardens
Abramovic, J., Turner, B., & Hope, C. (2019) · Local Environment · doi:10.1080/13549839.2019.1637832 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Community Garden Initiatives Addressing Health and Well-Being Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Infodemiology Aspects, Outcomes, and Target Populations
Gregis, A., Ghisalberti, C., Sciascia, S., Sottile, F., & Peano, C. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18041943 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“Gardening might play a key role not only in preventive health, both in urban and suburban areas, but it is becoming an important policy strategy for “sustainable urban development” [6].”
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Rediscovering Nature in Everyday Settings: Or How to Create Healthy Environments and Healthy People
Maller, C. J., Henderson‐Wilson, C., & Townsend, M. (2009) · EcoHealth · doi:10.1007/s10393-010-0282-5 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“This finding is consistent with other research (e.g., Kingsley et al., 2009 ).”
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Gated gardens: Effects of urbanization on community formation and commons management in community gardens
Egerer, M., & Fairbairn, M. (2018) · Geoforum · doi:10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.07.014 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Social and Ecological High Influential Factors in Community Gardens Innovation: An Empirical Survey in Italy
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The impact of care farms on quality of life, depression and anxiety among different population groups: A systematic review
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Enhancing urban nature and place-making in social housing through community gardening
Truong, S., Gray, T. L., & Ward, K. S. (2022) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127586 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
A moveable feast: Contemporary relational food cultures emerging from local food networks
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Connecting and strengthening communities in places for health and well-being
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“Kingsley, Townsend, and Henderson-Wilson (2009) also examined community gardens in an Australian context.”
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Commoning toward urban resilience: The role of trust, social cohesion, and involvement in a simulated urban commons setting
Feinberg, A., Ghorbani, A., & Herder, P. (2020) · Journal of Urban Affairs · doi:10.1080/07352166.2020.1851139 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“…practice: the connection to nature achieved through activities like gardening can be meditative, or help release tensions and develop spirituality (Kingsley et al., 2009); more caring connections with other participants may result (Okvat & Zautra, 2011); ● social norm: trust in contributing to…”
Background
Digging for the roots of urban gardening behaviours
Lewis, O., Home, R. A., & Kizos, T. (2018) · Urban forestry & urban greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2018.06.012 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Physiological and Psychological Effects on High School Students of Viewing Real and Artificial Pansies
Igarashi, M., Aga, M., Ikei, H., Namekawa, T., & Miyazaki, Y. (2015) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph120302521 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Cultivating Community Wellbeing: Guiding Principles for Research and Practice
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“Some studies focus on the relations between community wellbeing and neighborhood features such as walkability, noise and crime levels (Lawton et al. 1980), or community gardens (Kingsley et al. 2009).”
Background
The motivations and experiences of community garden participants in Edinburgh, Scotland
McVey, D., Nash, R. J., & Stansbie, P. (2018) · Regional Studies Regional Science · doi:10.1080/21681376.2017.1409650 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Perceived changes in well-being and happiness with gardening in urban organic allotments in Portugal
Mourão, I., Moreira, M. C., Almeida, T. C., & Brito, L. M. (2018) · International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology · doi:10.1080/13504509.2018.1469550 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“2003; Draper and Freedman 2010) or Australia (Kingsley et al. 2009).”
BackgroundInfluential
Community gardens as local learning environments in social housing contexts: participant perceptions of enhanced wellbeing and community connection
Gray, T. L., Tracey, D., Truong, S., & Ward, K. S. (2022) · Local Environment · doi:10.1080/13549839.2022.2048255 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Positive affect and natural landscape in virtual reality: A systematic review comparing interventions, measures, and outcomes
Liu, P., Liu, J., Fernandez, J. C., Zou, Q., & Lin, M. (2023) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2023.102011 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Gardener Well-Being along Social and Biophysical Landscape Gradients
Egerer, M., Philpott, S. M., Bichier, P., Jha, S., Liere, H., & Lin, B. B. (2018) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su10010096 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
“, provisioning services) to gardeners [25,56], in addition to a suite of other less tangible cultural services to their users [23,28,32].”
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Reconciling policy dissonance: patterns of governmental response to policy noncompliance
Gofen, A. (2014) · Policy Sciences · doi:10.1007/s11077-014-9202-9 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“Social acceptance and policy dissonance Evidences indicate that local community garden initiatives flourished in recent decades worldwide, as documented in the United States (Kurtz 2001), Canada (Hamilton 1997), Australia (Kingsley et al. 2009), and the United Kingdom (Holland 2004).”
Background
Greener growing: assessing the influence of gardening practices on the ecological viability of community gardens in South East Queensland, Australia
Guitart, D. A., Byrne, J., & Pickering, C. M. (2013) · Journal of Environmental Planning and Management · doi:10.1080/09640568.2013.850404 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“…et al. 2001, Holland 2004, Irvine et al. 1999, Stocker and Barnett 1998, Wakefield et al. 2007, Wills et al. 2009); improving health (Armstrong 2000a, Kingsley et al. 2009, Milligan et al. 2004, Somerset et al. 2005); and enhancing social inclusion and preserving cultural practices (Armstrong…”
The role of edible cities supporting sustainability transformation – A conceptual multi-dimensional framework tested on a case study in Germany
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The well-being of allotment gardeners: A mixed methodological study
Webber, J., Hinds, J., & Camic, P. M. (2015) · Ecopsychology · doi:10.1089/eco.2014.0058 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Why Garden? Personal and Abiding Motivations for Community Gardening in New York City
Sonti, N. F., & Svendsen, E. S. (2018) · Society & Natural Resources · doi:10.1080/08941920.2018.1484971 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Community gardens and urban agriculture: Healthy environment/healthy citizens
Zutter, C., & Stoltz, A. (2023) · International Journal of Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/inm.13149 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Contribution of Farmers’ Markets to More Socially Sustainable Food Systems: A Pilot Study of a Farmers’ Market in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Australia
O’Kane, G., & Wijaya, S. Y. (2015) · Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems · doi:10.1080/21683565.2015.1081858 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
A moveable feast: Exploring barriers and enablers to food citizenship
O’Kane, G. (2016) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.07.002 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Engagement and subjective well‐being in alternative food networks: The case of Hungary
Neulinger, Á., Bársony, F., Gjorevska, N., Lazányi, O., Pataki, G., Takács, S., & Török, A. (2020) · International Journal of Consumer Studies · doi:10.1111/ijcs.12566 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
The influence of emotional and conditional motivations on gardeners’ participation in community (allotment) gardens
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Temporal Dynamics and Motivations for Urban Community Food Gardens in Medium-Sized Towns of the Eastern Cape, South Africa
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“[14] the primary drivers of the increasing number of community food gardens worldwide are firstly, the need to provide food for consumption and secondly, to provide income from the sale of garden produce.”
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How Gardening and a Gardener Support Program in Detroit Influence Participants’ Diet, Food Security, and Food Values
Beavers, A. W., Atkinson, A., & Alaimo, K. (2019) · Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition · doi:10.1080/19320248.2019.1587332 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“In our study, as well as other qualitative studies, gardeners had a strong preference for growing food organically and believed that organically grown food is healthier.(14,18,19,34,35) Additionally, some gardeners in our study displayed an emotional connection to the food they grew, including valuing the food they gr…”
Background
Greening the post crisis. Collectivity in private and public community gardens in València (Spain)
Palau-Salvador, G., de Luis, A., Pérez, J. J., & Ibor, C. S. (2019) · Cities · doi:10.1016/j.cities.2019.04.005 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“Beyond food production and other related health benefits (Kingsley et al., 2009; Teig et al., 2009; Hale et al., 2011; Corrigan, 2011), community gardens have evinced a significant capability to build both social capital and connectedness (Glover, 2004; Kingsley and Thowsend, 2006; Nette, 2014), to achieve relevant le…”
Background
A New Top-Down Governance Approach to Community Gardens: A Case Study of the “We Garden” Community Experiment in Shenzhen, China
Zhang, X., Pan, D., Wong, K. P., & Zhang, Y. (2022) · Urban Science · doi:10.3390/urbansci6020041 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
From sanctuaries to prefigurative social change: Creating health-enabling spaces in East London community gardens
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Social-ecological innovation: adaptive responses to urban environmental conditions
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The Built Environment and Actual Causes of Death
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“…to perceive that the garden improved their fruit and vegetable intake, increased PA, and provided a number of social benefits including learning opportunities, a sense of achievement, and a sense of connectedness with others (Kingsley, Townsend, and Henderson-Wilson 2008; Wakefield et al. 2007).”
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How Does Urban Farming Benefit Participants’ Health? A Case Study of Allotments and Experience Farms in Tokyo
Harada, K., Hino, K., Iida, A., Yamazaki, T., Usui, H., Asami, Y., & Yokohari, M. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18020542 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
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Community gardening and health-related benefits for a rural Victorian town
Sanchez, E. L., & Liamputtong, P. (2016) · Leisure Studies · doi:10.1080/02614367.2016.1250805 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Previous research has also found that gardening requires a moderate level of physical activity and is suitable for individuals of all fitness levels (Kingsley et al., 2009; Milligan et al., 2004).”
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Reviewing University Community Gardens for Sustainability: taking stock, comparisons with urban community gardens and mapping research opportunities
Pedersen, R. L., & Robinson, Z. (2018) · Local Environment · doi:10.1080/13549839.2018.1463210 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“…spaces managed and operated by members of the local community in which food, flowers” and/or other plants are cultivated (Holland 2004; Pudup 2008; Kingsley, Townsend, and Henderson-Wilson 2009; Guitart, Pickering, and Byrne 2012, 364), have been linked to building community, making fresh food…”
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The meanings attributed to community gardening: A qualitative study
Ong, M., Baker, A., Aguilar, A., & Stanley, M. J. (2019) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102190 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Urban gardening as a means for fostering embodied urban human–food connection? A case study on urban vegetable gardens in Germany
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“As a focus of considerable research attention, many studies have suggested that by participating in community gardens or allotments, urban residents can profit from mental and physical well being, healthy food production, social cohesion and environmental learning (Breuste and Artmann 2015; Camps-Calvet 2016; Kingsley…”
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Urban Nature: Does Green Infrastructure Relate to the Cultural and Creative Vitality of European Cities?
Kumar, V., & Vuilliomenet, A. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13148052 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“Moreover, the availability of benches, tables, and playground facilities in community gardens form a friendly social area wherein individuals can socialize with each other [37].”
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Community gardens and psychological well-being among older people in elderly housing with care services: The role of the social environment
Guo, J., YANAI, S., & Xu, G. (2024) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102232 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Growing urban health: community gardening in South-East Toronto
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Connections in the garden: opportunities for wellbeing
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Community gardening and well-being
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Authors: Kingsley, J. ‘., Townsend, M., & Henderson‐Wilson, C.
Affiliations: Deakin University (AU)
Corresponding author: Kingsley, Jonathan ‘Yotti’
ORCID: Kingsley, Jonathan ‘Yotti’
Henderson‐Wilson, Claire
Venue: Leisure Studies
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2009-04
Volume: 28
Issue: 2
Pages: 207-219
ISSN: 0261-4367 (ISSN-L)
1466-4496
DOI: 10.1080/02614360902769894
OpenAlex: W2106223467
Cited by: 285
References: 46
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 8.09
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
figshare.com
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Leisure Studies (publishedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: University of Cambridge
Deakin University
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Urban Agriculture and Sustainability
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Urban Green Space and Health
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management
Keywords: community gardens, health benefits, well-being, urban dwellers, nature exposure, social support, sense of belonging, spiritual benefits, fitness, nutrition, urban community health

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Cultivating health and wellbeing: members’ perceptions of the health benefits of a Port Melbourne community garden.

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