Cited by 621Sports Performance and TrainingPhysical Education and Training StudiesSports Dynamics and Biomechanics

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The validity and reliability of an iPhone app for measuring vertical jump performance

Balsalobre-Fernández, Carlos, Glaister, Mark, Lockey, Richard Anthony·2015·Journal of Sports Sciences

DOI 10.1080/02640414.2014.996184

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Abstract

The purpose of this investigation was to analyse the concurrent validity and reliability of an iPhone app (called: My Jump) for measuring vertical jump performance. Twenty recreationally active healthy men (age: 22.1 ± 3.6 years) completed five maximal countermovement jumps, which were evaluated using a force platform (time in the air method) and a specially designed iPhone app. My jump was developed to calculate the jump height from flight time using the high-speed video recording facility on the iPhone 5 s. Jump heights of the 100 jumps measured, for both devices, were compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (r), Cronbach's alpha (α), coefficient of variation and Bland-Altman plots. There was almost perfect agreement between the force platform and My Jump for the countermovement jump height (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.997, P < 0.001; Bland-Altman bias = 1.1 ± 0.5 cm, P < 0.001). In comparison with the force platform, My Jump showed good validity for the CMJ height (r = 0.995, P < 0.001). The results of the present study showed that CMJ height can be easily, accurately and reliably evaluated using a specially developed iPhone 5 s app.

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BackgroundMethodInfluential
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Method
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Method
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Background
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Background
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“001) for assessing CMJ height.(21) Every jump was recorded at 240Hz with an iPhone 8 Plus mobile device (Apple Inc.”
Method
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“[49] Balsalobre-Fernandez C, Glaister M, Lockey RA.”
Examining the Impact of a Mobile Health App on Functional Movement and Physical Fitness: Pilot Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial
Stork, M., Bell, E. G., & Jung, M. E. (2021) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/24076 · Cited by 18
“The validity and reliability of the My Jump 2 app has been established previously [30].”
Force-Sensitive Mat for Vertical Jump Measurement to Assess Lower Limb Strength: Validity and Reliability Study
Vanegas, E., Salazar, Y., Igual, R., & Plaza, I. (2021) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/27336 · Cited by 13
“In these studies, flight time of the subject is calculated by selecting the takeoff and landing frames of the recorded videos of jump trials, and, by applying the flight-time formula, jump height is obtained [3,8,9,11,14,16,22].”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Concurrent Validity of the Inertial Measurement Unit Vmaxpro in Vertical Jump Estimation
Jiménez-Olmedo, J. M., Pueo, B., Mossi, J. M., & Villalón-Gasch, L. (2023) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app13020959 · Cited by 13
The Perception of Volleyball Student-Athletes: Evaluation of Well-Being, Sport Workload, Players’ Response, and Academic Demands
Vavassori, R., Arroyo, M. P. M., & Espá, A. U. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11111538 · Cited by 23
The Relationship Between a Jump-Landing Task and Functional Movement Screen Items : A Validation Study
Kraus, K., Schütz, E., & Doyscher, R. (2017) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000002121 · Cited by 13
“Studies suggest that they offer good data quality for motor diagnostics (2,19,40).”
Background
Influence of power and maximal strength training on thermal reaction and vertical jump performance in Brazilian basketball players: a preliminary study
Corte, J. D., Pereira, W. L. M., Corrêa, E. E. L. S., de Oliveira, J. G. M., Lima, B. L. P., de Castro, J. B. P., & Lima, V. P. (2020) · Biomedical Human Kinetics · doi:10.2478/bhk-2020-0012 · Cited by 13
“The evaluators select the images of the jump counting from the moment the subject’s feet leave the ground until he touches the ground again [4].”
Background
Comparison of total cold‐water immersion's effects to ice massage on recovery from exercise‐induced muscle damage
Fakhro, M. A., AlAmeen, F., & Fayad, R. (2022) · Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics · doi:10.1186/s40634-022-00497-5 · Cited by 13
“[7] stated that there was almost perfect agreement between the force platform and “My Jump” for the CMJ height (ICC = 0.”
The validity and reliability of a portable device (ADR-Jumping) to estimate vertical jump performance
González-Conde, A., González-Devesa, D., Suárez-Iglesias, D., & Pérez, C. A. (2022) · Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part P Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology · doi:10.1177/17543371221127079 · Cited by 13
Analysis of the Force-Velocity Profile in Female Ballet Dancers
Álvarez, J. A. E., Jiménez‐Reyes, P., Pérez-Sousa, M. Á., da Conceição, F. A., & García, J. P. F. (2020) · Journal of Dance Medicine & Science · doi:10.12678/1089-313x.24.2.59 · Cited by 13
Effects of two exercise programmes on joint position sense, dynamic balance and countermovement jump in male amateur football players. A randomised controlled trial
Navarro‐Santana, M. J., Asín‐Izquierdo, I., Gómez-Chiguano, G. F., Albert-Lucena, D., Plaza‐Manzano, G., & Pérez-Silvestre, Á. (2020) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2020.1794472 · Cited by 13
“The CMJ test was performed following the protocol suggested by Balsalobre-Fernández et al. (2015).”
Method
Effects of a Neuromuscular Warm-Up Program in Youth Female Soccer Players
Isla, E., Romero‐Moraleda, B., Morales, J. M. M., Esparza-Ros, F., & Mallo, J. (2021) · Journal of Human Kinetics · doi:10.2478/hukin-2021-0080 · Cited by 12
“A previous study (Balsalobre-Fernández et al., 2015) has examined the validity of this device for the calculation of jumping height, showing an almost perfect correlation with CMJ height calculated with a force plate (r = 0.995; ICC = 0.997) and good reliability (ICC = 0.999; CV = 3.4- 3.6%).”
MethodInfluential
The Effects of Soccer Specific Exercise on Countermovement Jump Performance in Elite Youth Soccer Players
Donegan, M. L., Eustace, S. J., Morris, R. O., Penny, R., & Tallis, J. A. (2022) · Children · doi:10.3390/children9121861 · Cited by 12
“The use of the countermovement jump (CMJ) is common practice in professional soccer [1] due to its ease of implementation, the richness of information and low risk of injury [2,3].”
Background
Acute Effect of Short Intensive Self-Myofascial Release on Jump Performance in Amateur Athletes: A Randomized Cross-Over Study
Koźlenia, D., & Domaradzki, J. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192416816 · Cited by 12
“The DJ reactive strength index (RSI) was calculated using the following formula, jump height/contact time of the feet with the floor (milliseconds) [24], and stiffness [34] were also determined.”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
The MyJump App is a Valid Method of Assessing and Classifying Limb Symmetry During Recovery from Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Whiteley, I., Sideris, V., Kotsifaki, A., King, E. A., & Whiteley, R. J. (2023) · International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.26603/001c.88005 · Cited by 12
Exercise-Based Injury Prevention in High-Level and Professional Athletes: Narrative Review and Proposed Standard Operating Procedure for Future Lockdown-Like Contexts After COVID-19
Martens, G., Delvaux, F. H., Forthomme, B., Kaux, J., Urhausen, A. J. P., Bieuzen, F., Leclerc, S., Winkler, L., Brocherie, F., Nédélec, M., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2021.745765 · Cited by 12
Mental Fatigue From Smartphone Use or Stroop Task Does Not Affect Bench Press Force–Velocity Profile, One-Repetition Maximum, or Vertical Jump Performance
Alix‐Fages, C., Baz-Valle, E., González-Cano, H., Jiménez‐Martínez, P., & Balsalobre‐Fernández, C. (2023) · Motor Control · doi:10.1123/mc.2022-0133 · Cited by 12
Real time estimation of vertical jump height with a markerless motion capture smartphone app: A proof-of-concept case study
Balsalobre‐Fernández, C. (2024) · Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part P Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology · doi:10.1177/17543371241227817 · Cited by 12
Comparison of two methods in the estimation of vertical jump height
Grainger, M., Weisberg, A., Stergiou, P., & Katz, L. (2019) · Journal of Human Sport and Exercise · doi:10.14198/jhse.2020.153.12 · Cited by 12
“Many studies have examined the straight up and down jump but very few examine the rotational jump (Balsalobre-Fernández et al., 2015; Bui et al., 2015; Dias et al., 2011; Jarning, Mok, Hansen, & Bahr, 2015; Leard et al., 2007).”
BackgroundMethod
Can We Rely on Flight Time to Measure Jumping Performance or Neuromuscular Fatigue-Overload in Professional Female Soccer Players?
Armada-Cortés, E., Barrajón, J. P., Benítez‐Muñoz, J. A., Navarro, E., & Juan, A. F. S. (2020) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app10134424 · Cited by 12
“FP–TOV: Force Platform–Take-Off Velocity; FP–FT: Force Platform– Flight Time; APP: My Jump Application (flight time); CMJ; countermovement jump.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
Physical and physiological demands according to gender, playing positions, and match outcomes in youth basketball players.
Gutiérrez-Vargas, R., Pino‐Ortega, J., Ugalde-Ramírez, A., Ureña, B. S., Blanco-Romero, L., Trejos-Montoya, J. A., Gutiérrez-Vargas, J. C., & Rojas‐Valverde, D. (2021) · RICYDE Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte · doi:10.5232/ricyde2022.06701 · Cited by 11
The Effect Of 8-Week Core Training On Agility, Strength Performance And Tennis Skills On 10-14 Year Old Tennis Players
ARSLAN, E., & Ergin, E. (2022) · Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.38021/asbid.1165237 · Cited by 11
Low-load strength resistance training with blood flow restriction compared with high-load strength resistance training on performance of professional soccer players: a randomized controlled trial
Castilla-López, C., & Romero‐Franco, N. (2023) · The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness · doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.23.14974-7 · Cited by 11
Measuring Vertical Jump Height With Artificial Intelligence Through a Cell Phone: A Validity and Reliability Report
Tan, E., Onn, S. W., & Montalvo, S. (2024) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000004854 · Cited by 11
“These apps calculate jump height using the flight-time method [jump height 5 flight-time 2 3 gravity/8] (2,21), where the rater manually identifies the critical frames of the jump.”
Correlation and Reliability of Two Field Tests for Vertical Jump Height
Lee, Y., Min, K. E., & Park, J. (2020) · The Asian Journal of Kinesiology · doi:10.15758/ajk.2020.22.1.9 · Cited by 11
“Worth noting is that the subjects in all previous studies [7,8,10,11,14,17,18] were attempting to achieve their maximal vertical jump height.”
MethodResult
Sensor system for augmented feedback applications in volleyball
Umek, A., & Kos, A. (2020) · Procedia Computer Science · doi:10.1016/j.procs.2020.06.101 · Cited by 11
Effect of recreational beach tennis on ambulatory blood pressure and physical fitness in hypertensive individuals (BAH study): rationale and study protocol
The BAH Study Group, Ferrari, R., Carpes, L. D. O., Domingues, L. B., Jacobsen, A., Frank, P., Jung, N. N., Santini, J., & Fuchs, S. C. P. C. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-020-10117-5 · Cited by 11
EFFECT OF DYNAMIC RANGE OF MOTION AND STATIC STRETCHING TECHNIQUES ON FLEXIBILITY, STRENGTH AND JUMP PERFORMANCE IN FEMALE GYMNASTS
Ferri-Caruana, A. M., Roig-Ballester, N., & Romagnoli, M. (2020) · Science of Gymnastics Journal · doi:10.52165/sgj.12.1.87-100 · Cited by 11
“It has been validated with almost perfect reliability compared to platform forces, being considered the gold standard for measuring jump height (Balsalobre-Fernández et al., 2015; Gallardo-Fuentes et al., 2016).”
Background
A Simple Method for Measuring Lower Limb Force, Velocity and Power Capabilities During Jumping
Samozino, P. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-05633-3_4 · Cited by 11
Validity and reliability of the My Jump 2 app for detecting interlimb asymmetry in young female basketball players
Stojiljković, N., Stanković, D., Pelemiš, V. M., Čokorilo, N., Olănescu, M., Peris, M., Suciu, A., & Pleşa, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2024.1362646 · Cited by 10
“The reliability and validity of the My Jump 2 app were con ﬁ rmed on the elderly (23), young amateur athletes (24, 25), sport science students (16, 26), trained athletes (27), and even football players with cerebral palsy (28).”
Background
Validity and reliability of My Jump 2 ® app to measure the vertical jump on elite women beach volleyball players
Medeiros, A. I. A., da Silva, G. M., Neto, F. O., Simim, M. A. D. M., Fernandes, T. L. B., Coswig, V. S., Afonso, J. R., Ramos, A., & Mesquita, I. (2024) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.17387 · Cited by 16
“Among those, the My Jump2 (cid:1) app was designed to calculate the jump height from the ﬂ ight time, which is based on the take-off and landing frames selected by the user ( Balsalobre-Fernández, Glaister & Lockey, 2015 ; Brooks, Benson & Bruce, 2018 ; Yingling et al., 2018 ).”
MethodInfluential
Validity and Concordance of a Linear Position Transducer (Vitruve) for Measuring Movement Velocity during Resistance Training
González-Galán, J., Herrera-Bermudo, J. C., González‐Badillo, J. J., & Rodríguez‐Rosell, D. (2024) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s24196444 · Cited by 10
Validity and Reliability of the MyJump 2 Application for Measuring Vertical Jump in Youth Soccer Players Across Age Groups
Stafylidis, A., Michailidis, Y., Mandroukas, A., Metaxas, I., Chatzinikolaou, K., Stafylidis, C., Παπαδοπούλου, Σ., & METAXAS, T. I. (2025) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app15116253 · Cited by 11
The training and detraining effects of 8-week dynamic stretching of hip flexors on hip range of motion, pain, and physical performance in male professional football players with low back pain. A randomized controlled trial
Iranmanesh, M., Nikou, S. S., Saadatian, A., Alimoradi, M., Khalaji, H., Monfaredian, O., Saki, F., & Konrad, A. (2025) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2025.2513163 · Cited by 13
“The test-retest reliability reported for this test was between 0.97 and 0.99 (Balsalobre-Fernández et al., 2015; Bogataj et al., 2020).”
Influential
Mobile App–Induced Mental Fatigue Affects Strength Asymmetry and Neuromuscular Performance Across Upper and Lower Limbs
Stafylidis, A., Staiano, W., Mandroukas, A., Michailidis, Y., Salazar, L., Romagnoli, M., & METAXAS, T. I. (2025) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s25154758 · Cited by 11
“Participants performed three maximal squat jumps (SJ), recorded using an iPhone 15 Pro at 240 FPS, with the device positioned following validated protocols [48,49].”
Effects of Loaded Plyometric Exercise on Post-Activation Performance Enhancement of Countermovement Jump in Sedentary Men
de Souza, V. A., Barreto, R. V., Mantovani, G. B., Greco, C. C., Denadai, B. S., Nosaka, K., & de Lima, L. C. R. (2022) · Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport · doi:10.1080/02701367.2021.1954586 · Cited by 10
“This method has been validated elsewhere (Balsalobre-Fernández et al., 2015).”
Method
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, kinanthropometric characteristics and physical performance of young male handball players
Romero-García, D., Esparza-Ros, F., García, M. P., Martínez-Sanz, J. M., & Vaquero‐Cristóbal, R. (2022) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.14329 · Cited by 10
La altura del salto en contramovimiento como instrumento de control de la fatiga neuromuscular. Revisión sistemática (Counter-movement Jump height as a means to monitor neuromuscular fatigue. Systematic Review)
Miras‐Moreno, S. (2020) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v37i37.73302 · Cited by 10
“En definitiva, medir la altura del salto vertical constituye un método sencillo y barato (Balsalobre-Fernández et al., 2015).”
Background
Tensiomyographic Responses to Warm-Up Protocols in Collegiate Male Soccer Athletes
Redd, M. J., Starling‐Smith, T. M., Herring, C. H., Stock, M. S., Wells, A. J., Stout, J. R., & Fukuda, D. H. (2021) · Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology · doi:10.3390/jfmk6040080 · Cited by 10
Lateral Shuffle-Induced Fatigue Effects on Ankle Proprioception and Countermovement Jump Performance
Lyu, M., Chen, Z., Tang, R., Ding, L., Deng, S., Adams, R. D., Han, J., & Li, Y. (2024) · Journal of Sports Science and Medicine · doi:10.52082/jssm.2024.418 · Cited by 9
“CMJ was measured using a phone app (MY JUMP2) which has been proven as a reliable tool when used to measure vertical jump performance [ r = 0.99; ICC = 0.99] (Balsalobre-Fernández et al., 2015).”
MethodInfluential
The validity and reliability of the jump power app for measuring vertical jump actions in professional soccer players
Çetin, O., Kaya, S., Atasever, G., & Akyıldız, Z. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-78499-9 · Cited by 9
“The highest jump of each jump technique was taken into analysis 18 .”
The Use of the Self-Selected Rest Interval Method Is as Effective for Optimizing Postactivation Performance Enhancement in Elite Athletes as Employing the Best Fixed Rest Interval
Fontanetti, G., Barreto, R. V., Junior, R. C., Marangoni, V., Denadai, B. S., Greco, C. C., & de Lima, L. C. R. (2024) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000004939 · Cited by 9
Characterization of Fitness Profiles in Youth Soccer Players in Response to Playing Roles Through Principal Component Analysis
Becerra-Patiño, B. A., Montenegro-Bonilla, A. D., Uribe, J. D. P., Rada-Perdigon, D. A., Arancibia, J. E. O., Sepulveda, R. A. Y., López‐Gil, J. F., & Pino‐Ortega, J. (2025) · Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology · doi:10.3390/jfmk10010040 · Cited by 9
The “APPropriate” Use of Technology for Assessment in Physical Education
Yu, H., & Ha, T. (2021) · Journal of Physical Education Recreation & Dance · doi:10.1080/07303084.2021.1899540 · Cited by 9
“Along with the guidelines for the appropriate use of apps during instruction (Balsalobre-Fernández et al., 2015; Kranz et al., 2013; Krause & Sanchez, 2014), it is essential to discuss the effectiveness of the use of apps for assessments in physical education.”

Authors: Balsalobre-Fernández, C., Glaister, M., & Lockey, R. A.
Affiliations: Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
St Mary's University Twickenham London (GB)
ORCID: Glaister, Mark
Venue: Journal of Sports Sciences
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2015-01-02
Volume: 33
Issue: 15
Pages: 1574-1579
ISSN: 0264-0414 (ISSN-L)
1466-447X
DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2014.996184
OpenAlex: W2013598477
Cited by: 621
References: 31
Citations by year: 2026: 57 · 2025: 69 · 2024: 89 · 2023: 90 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 58 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 7
FWCI: 31.86
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Sports Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
St Mary's University Repository (St Mary's University Twickenham London) (acceptedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Physical Education and Training Studies
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Sports Dynamics and Biomechanics
Keywords: vertical jump, countermovement jump, iOS app, concurrent validity, test-retest reliability, high-speed video, jump height measurement, force plate
MeSH terms: Humans, Male, Movement, Reproducibility of Results, Lower Extremity, Athletic Performance, Young Adult, Mobile Applications

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The validity and reliability of an iPhone app for measuring vertical jump performance

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