Eliciting positive, negative and mixed emotional states: A film library for affective scientists
Open accessAbstract
We describe the creation of a film library designed for researchers interested in positive (amusing), negative (repulsive), mixed (amusing and repulsive) and neutral emotional states. Three hundred 20- to 33-second film clips videotaped by amateurs were selected from video-hosting websites and screened in laboratory studies by 75 female participants on self-reported amusement and repulsion (Experiments 1 and 2). On the basis of pre-defined cut-off values, 51 positive, 39 negative, 59 mixed and 50 neutral film clips were selected. These film clips were then presented to 411 male and female participants in a large online study to identify film clips that reliably induced the target emotions (Experiment 3). Depending on the goal of the study, researchers may choose positive, negative, mixed or neutral emotional film clips on the basis of Experiments 1 and 2 or Experiment 3 ratings.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The positive and negative emotions in the Stanford film library mainly refer to amusement and disgust.
“We collected the self-rating scores of these two emotions since the positive and negative emotions in Stanford film library23 mainly refer to amusement and disgust.”
From A Multimodal Dataset for Mixed Emotion Recognition (2024) · cites this paper as [23]
Cites
On the bipolarity of positive and negative affect.
Russell, J. A., & Carroll, J. M. (1999) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.1.3 · Cited by 1,481 · see citing works
Emotional experience improves with age: Evidence based on over 10 years of experience sampling
Carstensen, L. L., Turan, B., Scheibe, S., Ram, N., Ersner-Hershfield, H., Samanez-Larkin, G. R., Brooks, K. P., & Nesselroade, J. R. (2011) · Psychology and Aging · doi:10.1037/a0021285 · Cited by 1,223 · see citing works
The Tie That Binds? Coherence Among Emotion Experience, Behavior, and Physiology.
Mauss, I. B., Levenson, R. W., McCarter, L., Wilhelm, F. H., & Gross, J. J. (2005) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/1528-3542.5.2.175 · Cited by 1,201 · see citing works
Self-citationCan people feel happy and sad at the same time?
Larsen, J. T., McGraw, A. P., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2001) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.81.4.684 · Cited by 1,083 · see citing works
Hewig, J., Hagemann, D., Seifert, J., Gollwitzer, M., Naumann, E., & Bartussek, D. (2005) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699930541000084 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Recalling Mixed Emotions: Figure 1
Aaker, J., Drolet, A., & Griffin, D. (2008) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/588570 · Cited by 153 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Over time the intensity of the mixed emotions are underestimated to reduce this conflict (Aaker et al., 2008).”
Background
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A Multimodal Dataset for Mixed Emotion Recognition
Yang, P., Liu, N., Liu, X., Shu, Y., Ji, W., Ren, Z., Sheng, J., Yu, M., Yi, R., Zhang, D., et al. (2024) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-024-03676-4 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“Various kinds of stimuli, including self-selected music 20 , motion pictures 21,22 , video clips 23 , etc., have been used to inducing mixed emotions.”
BackgroundMethodMaran, T., Sachse, P., Martini, M., Weber, B., Pinggera, J., Zuggal, S., & Furtner, M. (2017) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00206 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Balleyer, A. H., & Fennis, B. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.685552 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
- Authors
- Samson, A. C., Kreibig, S. D., Soderstrom, B., Wade, A. A., & Gross, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- Augustana College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Samson, Andrea C.
- Venue
- Cognition and Emotion
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2015-05
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 827-856
- ISSN
- 0269-9931 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-0600
- OpenAlex
- W1964448462
- Cited by
- 155
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 12.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Cognition & Emotion (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Schweizerische Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (PA00P1_136380,PA00P1_139593,PBFRP1-127896,PBGEP1-125914)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Emotion and Mood Recognition
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Aesthetic Perception and Analysis
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Humor Studies and Applications
- Keywords
- emotion induction, amusements, repulsion, mixed emotions, positive emotions, negative emotions, neutral emotion
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motion Pictures, Photic Stimulation, Sex Factors, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
