The DOI matches its Crossref record; 13 of the 13 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Particle Penetration Through Building Cracks
Open accessAbstract
Particle penetration into buildings influences human exposure to particles of ambient origin. In this study, we present the results of laboratory experiments measuring particle penetration through surrogates of cracks in building envelopes. Rectangular slots were prepared, with crack heights of 0.25 and 1 mm and flow-path lengths of 4-10 cm, using common building materials: aluminum, brick, concrete, plywood, redwood lumber, pine lumber, and strand board. Air was drawn through a slot from a well-mixed chamber by applying a pressure difference ( j P) of 4 or 10 Pa. Nonvolatile, electrically neutralized particles were generated and introduced into the chamber. The particle penetration factor was determined, for particle sizes 0.02-7 w m, as the ratio of the particle concentration downstream of the slot to that in the chamber. Particle size and crack height were the two main factors that governed fractional particle penetration. Consistent with prior modeling results, the penetration factor was nearly unity for particles of diameter 0.1-1.0 w m at S 0.25 mm crack height and j P of S 4 Pa. Particle penetration diminished for larger and smaller particles and for cracks with significant surface roughness and irregular geometry.
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“Once in the air, PFAAs, which break down very slowly, can travel far and settle into water and soil through wet and dry deposition [1,95].”
From Industrial Applications, Environmental Fate, Human Exposure, and Health Effects of PFAS (2025) · cites this paper as [95]
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Citations
Cites
Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution
Pope III, C. A. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.287.9.1132 · Cited by 8,447
KLEPEIS, N. E., NELSON, W. C., OTT, W. R., ROBINSON, J. P., TSANG, A. M., SWITZER, P., BEHAR, J. V., HERN, S. C., & ENGELMANN, W. H. (2001) · Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology · doi:10.1038/sj.jea.7500165 · Cited by 4,803
Barron, R. F. (1999) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b15230-9 · Cited by 3,537
Deposition, resuspension, and penetration of particles within a residence
Thatcher, T. L. (1995) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/1352-2310(95)00016-r · Cited by 861
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Review: Epidemiological Basis for Particulate Air Pollution Health Standards
Pope, C. A. (2000) · Aerosol Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/027868200303885 · Cited by 430
Indoor particulate matter of outdoor origin: Importance of size-dependent removal mechanisms
Riley, W. J., McKone, T. E., Lai, A. C. K., & Nazaroff, W. W. (2002) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es010723y · Cited by 417
Self-citationModeling pollutant penetration across building envelopes
Liu, D.-L., & Nazaroff, W. W. (2001) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(01)00218-7 · Cited by 273
Self-citationVette, A. F., Rea, A. W., Lawless, P. A., Rodes, C. E., Evans, G. F., Highsmith, V. R., & Sheldon, L. S. (2001) · Aerosol Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/02786820117903 · Cited by 187
Penetration of Ambient Fine Particles into the Indoor Environment
Mosley, R. B., Greenwell, D. J., Sparks, L. E., Guo, Z., Tucker, W. G., Fortmann, R. C., & Whitfield, C. P. (2001) · Aerosol Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/02786820117449 · Cited by 175
Fractional Aerosol Filtration Efficiency of In-Duct Ventilation Air Cleaners
Hanley, J., Ensor, D., Smith, D. D., & Sparks, L. (1994) · Indoor Air · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.1994.t01-1-00005.x · Cited by 137
Solid particle penetration into enclosures
Lewis, S. (1995) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/0304-3894(95)00037-u · Cited by 29
Research works printed but not linked: 1
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Passive building energy savings: A review of building envelope components
Sadineni, S. B., Madala, S., & Boehm, R. F. (2011) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.014 · Cited by 1,427
Chen, C., & Zhao, B. (2010) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.09.048 · Cited by 993
Nazaroff, W. W. (2004) · Indoor Air · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00286.x · Cited by 646
Self-citationSioutas, C., Delfino, R. J., & Singh, M. (2005) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.7939 · Cited by 617
Braniš, M., Řezáčová, P., & Domasová, M. (2005) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2004.12.001 · Cited by 249
Metadata
- Authors
- Liu, D.-L., & Nazaroff, W. W.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- ORCID
- Nazaroff, William W.
- Venue
- Aerosol Science and Technology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2003-07
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 565-573
- ISSN
- 0278-6826 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-7388
- OpenAlex
- W2093220872
- Cited by
- 215
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 4.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Aerosol Science and Technology (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC03-?, AC03-76SF00098, DEAC03-76SF00098)
- Office of Research and Development
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Keywords
- particle penetration, building cracks, building envelope, indoor air quality, particle size, pressure difference, building materials, surface roughness
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