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Cited by 24Afro-Latin American StudiesMusic History and CultureCaribbean history, culture, and politics

Chocolate, coconut, and honey: race, music, and the politics of hybridity in the ecuadorian black pacific

Ritter, Jonathan·2011·Popular Music and Society
DOI 10.1080/03007766.2010.537848
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Abstract

Against the backdrop of a tremendous surge in ethnic identity politics and social movement organizing over the last two decades in Ecuador, this article explores two complementary musical trends that have emerged in reference to the country's Afro-Ecuadorian population. The first showcases the traditional music and dance of the marimba as a symbol of Afro-Ecuadorian identity. The second features numerous popular music fusions of the marimba repertoire with genres including rock, salsa, reggaetón, and more, with broad appeal to audiences throughout the country and beyond. The new popularity of the marimba clearly marks a moment of arrival for Ecuador's black community, one coinciding with and contributing to its increased visibility on the national political stage. This paper makes a critical appraisal of this moment of arrival, noting its justly celebrated successes in advancing black self-determination and popular culture in the country, while also sounding a cautionary note about this celebratory narrative's ability to mask the continued discrepancies of power that lurk within the promotion of hybridized “folklore” and a multicultural national identity.

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Research works printed but not linked: 19

  1. Bhabha Homi., 1994, The Location of Culture
  2. Carvalho Jose Jorge de., 2005, Las Culturas Afroamericanas en Iberoamérica: lo negociable y lo innegociable
  3. Carvalho Jose Jorge de., 2003, Série Antropologia
  4. Estupiñan Tello Julio., 1996, El Negro en Esmeraldas
  5. García Canclini Néstor., 1995, Hybrid Cultures: Strategies for Entering and Leaving Modernity
  6. Ingalls Laura., 2006, Democracy at Large, 2, 14
  7. Medina Henry, 2006, Afroecuatorianos: Un movimiento social emergente
  8. Moreno Andrade Segundo Luis., 1972, Historia de la Música en el Ecuador
  9. Ochoa Ana Maria., 2003, Enciclopedia Latinoamericana de Sociocultura y Comunicación
  10. Ortiz Adalberto., 1982, Juyungo
  11. Ritter Jonathan., 1999, Pacific Review of Ethnomusicology, 9, 66
  12. Rogers Marc., 1999, Journal of Latin American Anthropology, 3, 54, 10.1525/jlca.1998.3.2.54 · DOI
  13. Sánchez Jhon Antón., 2003, Organizaciones de la Sociedad Política Afroecuatoriana
  14. Stutzman Ronald., 1981, Cultural Transformations and Ethnicity in Modern Ecuador, 45
  15. Turino Thomas., 2003, British Journal of Ethnomusicology, 12, 51
  16. Wade Peter., 2000, Music, Race, and Nation: Música Tropical in Colombia
  17. Whitten Norman., 1965, Class, Kinship, and Power in an Ecuadoran Town: The Negroes of San Lorenzo
  18. Whitten Norman., 1998, Blackness in Latin America and the Caribbean, 1, 75
  19. Yúdice George., 2001, Consumers and Citizens: Globalization and Multicultural Conflicts, ix

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Authors
Ritter, J.
Venue
Popular Music and Society
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2011-12
Volume
34
Issue
5
Pages
571-592
ISSN
  • 0300-7766 (ISSN-L)
  • 1740-1712
DOI
10.1080/03007766.2010.537848
OpenAlex
W1993688943
Cited by
24
References
37
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2013: 1
FWCI
6.49
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
Popular Music & Society (publishedVersion)
Funders
University of California Berkeley
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Afro-Latin American Studies
  • Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Music › Music History and Culture
  • Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Caribbean history, culture, and politics
Keywords
marimba, Afro-Ecuadorian identity, hybridity, race and music, ethnic identity politics, Black self-determination, reggaeton, salsa, popular music, folklore, Ecuador

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