Processing speed can monitor stimulant-medication effects in adults with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity
Abstract
Background Treatment responses to methylphenidate by adults with ADHD are generally monitored against DSM-IV/DSM-V symptomatology, rating scales or interviews during reviews. Aims To evaluate the use of single- and dual-dimension processing-speed and efficiency measures to monitor the effects of pharmacological treatment with methylphenidate after a short period off medication. Methods A Quick Test of Cognitive Speed (AQT) monitored the effects of immediate-release methylphenidate in 40 previously diagnosed and medicated adults with ADHD. Processing speed was evaluated with prior prescription medication, without medication after a 2-day period off ADHD medication, and with low-dose (10/20 mg) and high-dose (20/40 mg) methylphenidate hydrochloride (Medikinet IR). Results Thirty-three participants responded to the experimental treatments. One-way ANOVA with post-hoc analysis (Scheffe) indicated significant main effects for single dimension colour and form and dual-dimension colour-form naming. Post-hoc analysis indicated statistical differences between the no- and high-dose medication conditions for colour and form, measures of perceptual speed. For colour-form naming, a measure of cognitive speed, there was a significant difference between no- and low-dose medication and between no- and high-dose medications, but not between low- and high-dose medications. Conclusions Results indicated that the AQT tests effectively monitored incremental effects of the methylphenidate dose on…
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Individuals with ADHD who have more severe NPDs experience greater benefits from stimulant medication compared to individuals with ADHD who have less severe NPDs.
“Prior research has even demonstrated that individuals with ADHD who have more severe NPDs experience greater benefits from stimulant medication compared to individuals with ADHD who have less severe NPDs (Fosco et al., 2021; Nielsen et al., 2017).”
From Effects of stimulant medication on neuropsychological functioning in college students without ADHD. (2026) · cites this paper as Nielsen et al., 2017
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Effects of stimulant medication on neuropsychological functioning in college students without ADHD.
Vasko, J. M., Looby, A., Serrano, J. W., Abu-Ramadan, T. M., Miller, E. A., McGee, N., Smith, D. T., & Hartung, C. M. (2026) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/pha0000853
- Authors
- Nielsen, N. P., Wiig, E. H., Bäck, S., & Gustafsson, J.
- Affiliations
- Department of Psychiatry, Västervik Sjukhus, Västervik, Sweden;
- Boston University (US)
- Medical Department, Evolan Pharma AB, Danderyd, Sweden
- Corresponding author
- Wiig, Elisabeth H.
- Venue
- Nordic Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2017-02-07
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 296-303
- ISSN
- 0029-1455 (ISSN-L)
- 0803-9488
- 1502-4725
- OpenAlex
- W2586945530
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 1.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nordic Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- EVOLAN PHARMA AB, Danderyd, Sweden (None)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, adult ADHD, methylphenidate, processing speed, treatment response monitoring, perceptual speed, processing efficiency, stimulant medication, dose-response relationship
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Color Perception, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Humans, Male, Methylphenidate, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Reaction Time, Sweden, Young Adult
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