The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Portrayals of crime, race, and aggression in “reality‐based” police shows: A content analysis
Abstract
A content analysis of “reality‐based” police shows (e.g., Cops.) was conducted to explore portrayals of crime, race, and aggression. Violent crime was overrepresented in the programs as was the percentage of crimes that were portrayed as solved. White characters were more likely to be portrayed as police officers than criminal suspects, whereas black and Hispanic characters were more likely to be portrayed as criminal suspects than police officers. Police officers were generally more likely to engage in aggressive behaviors than were criminal suspects, and black and Hispanic criminal suspects were more likely than white criminal suspects to be the recipient of unarmed physical aggression by police officers.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Applying controlling images to American policing reveals a deep cultural association of Blackness with criminality (Collins 1999; Oliver 1994).”
From WHEN BLACK MOVEMENTS MATTER: CONTROLLING IMAGES AND BLACK LIVES MATTER PROTESTS IN MEDIA ATTENTION TO U.S. POLICE KILLINGS (2024) · cites this paper as Oliver 1994
In the citing paper
“I focus on one such mechanism for selective coverage: the racialized and gendered controlling images 2 that associate Black men with criminality and public threats (Collins 1999; Oliver 1994; Russell-Brown 1998; Stroud 2016).”
From WHEN BLACK MOVEMENTS MATTER: CONTROLLING IMAGES AND BLACK LIVES MATTER PROTESTS IN MEDIA ATTENTION TO U.S. POLICE KILLINGS (2024) · cites this paper as Oliver 1994
Citations
Cites
Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1973) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(73)90033-9 · Cited by 9,984
Research works printed but not linked: 32
- Battaglio S., 1991, Adweek, 18
- Carlson J. M., 1983, Communication Research, 10, 529, 10.1177/009365083010004006 · DOI
- Carlson J. M., 1985, Prime time law enforcement: Crime show viewing and attitudes toward the criminal justice system
- 10.1086/268657 · DOI
- Dershowitz A. M., 1985, TV Guide, 4
- 10.1086/268081 · DOI
- 10.1080/15295039009360183 · DOI
- 10.1177/107769909206900209 · DOI
- Estep R., 1983, Journalism Quarterly, 60, 293, 10.1177/107769908306000213 · DOI
- Fennel T., 1992, Maclean's, 48
- Gerbner G., 1976, Journal of Communication, 26, 173, 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1976.tb01397.x · DOI · Paper page
- Graber D.A., 1980, Crime news and the public
- Greenberg B. S., 1980, Life on television: Content analyses of U.S. TV drama
- 10.1111/j.1468-2958.1981.tb00576.x · DOI
- Hosmer D. W., 1989, Applied logistic regression
- Norusis M. J., 1992, SPSS for Windows: Advanced statistics
- O'Keefe G. J., 1984, Communication yearbook 8, 514
- 10.1177/009365087014002001 · DOI
- 10.1080/08838158609386617 · DOI
- 10.1080/08838158809386682 · DOI
- 10.1177/009365087014006003 · DOI
- Potter W. J., 1987, Journalism Quarterly, 64, 382, 10.1177/107769908706400214 · DOI
- 10.1086/266577 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1086/268683 · DOI
- 10.1080/00335638209383593 · DOI
- Stantz J. H., Paper presented at the annual conference of the International Communication Association
- 10.1017/CBO9780511809477.014 · DOI
- 10.1037/0022-3514.39.1.13 · DOI
- U.S. Department of Justice, 1991, Uniform crime reports for the United States: 1991
- U.S. Department of Labor Statistics, 1992, Current population survey: 1992 annual averages
- 10.1080/08838158609386616 · DOI
- Zillmann D., 1985, Selective exposure to communication, 141
Cited by
THE CENTRALITY OF RACE IN AMERICAN POLITICS
Hutchings, V. L., & Valentino, N. A. (2004) · Annual Review of Political Science · doi:10.1146/annurev.polisci.7.012003.104859 · Cited by 493
Media Constructions of Culture, Race, and Ethnicity
Dixon, T. L., Weeks, K. R., & Smith, M. A. (2019) · Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communication · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.013.502 · Cited by 66
Lu, T. (2024) · Mobilization: An International Quarterly · doi:10.17813/1086-671x-29-1-19 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Oliver, M. B.
- Affiliations
- Virginia Tech (US)
- Corresponding author
- Oliver, Mary Beth
- ORCID
- Oliver, Mary Beth
- Venue
- Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1994-03-01
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 179-192
- ISSN
- 0883-8151 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6878
- OpenAlex
- W2014333583
- Cited by
- 233
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 23.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Policing Practices and Perceptions
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime, Deviance, and Social Control
- Social Sciences › Communication › News Media Framing and Political Communication
- Keywords
- reality television, race, racial stereotypes, aggression, police brutality, criminal suspects, media representation, COPS
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
