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IN VITRO EFFECTS OF COAL FLY ASHES: Hydroxyl Radical Generation, Iron Release, and DNA Damage and Toxicity in Rat Lung Epithelial Cells

Jan M. S. van Maanen, Paul J. A. Bo·1999·Inhalation Toxicology
DOI 10.1080/089583799196628
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Abstract

Oxygen radical generation due to surface radicals, inflammation, and iron release has been suggested as the mechanism of adverse effects of quartz, such as emphysema, fibrosis, and carcinogenic effects. Therefore, we measured iron release, acellular generation of hydroxyl radicals, and oxidative DNA damage and cytotoxicity in rat lung epithelial (RLE) cells by different coal fly ashes (CFA) that contain both quartz and iron. Seven samples of CFA with different particle size and quartz content (up to 14.1%) were tested along with silica (alpha-quartz), ground coal, and coal mine dust (respirable) as positive control particles, and fine TiO(2) (anatase) as a negative control. Five test samples were pulverized fuel ashes (PFA), two samples were coal gasification (SCG) ashes (quartz content <0.1%), and one sample was a ground coal. No marked differences between SCG and PFA fly ashes were observed, and toxicity did not correlate with physicochemical characteristics or effect parameters. Stable surface radicals were only detected in the reference particles silica and coal mine dust, but not in CFA. On the other hand, hydroxyl radical generation by all fly ashes was observed in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, which was positively correlated with iron mobilization and inhibited by deferoxamine, but not correlated with iron or quartz content. Also a relationship between acellular hydroxyl radical generation and oxidative DNA damage in RLE cells by CFA was observed. Differences in h…

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Research works printed but not linked: 24

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Metadata

Authors
Jan M. S. van Maanen, P. J. A. B.
Venue
Inhalation Toxicology
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
1999-01
Volume
11
Issue
12
Pages
1123-1141
ISSN
  • 0895-8378
  • 1091-7691
DOI
10.1080/089583799196628
Cited by
106
References
4
Language
en

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: IN VITRO EFFECTS OF COAL FLY ASHES: Hydroxyl Radical Generation, Iron Release, and DNA Damage and Toxicity in Rat Lung Epithelial Cells. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1080/089583799196628
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Jan M. S. van Maanen, P. J. A. B. (1999). IN VITRO EFFECTS OF COAL FLY ASHES: Hydroxyl Radical Generation, Iron Release, and DNA Damage and Toxicity in Rat Lung Epithelial Cells. Inhalation Toxicology. https://doi.org/10.1080/089583799196628