Awareness typologies, long-term emotional adjustment and psychosocial outcomes following acquired brain injury
Abstract
Previous research suggests considerable heterogeneity within groups of individuals identified as having low self-awareness or good self-awareness following acquired brain injury (ABI). The present study aimed to identify typologies of individuals according to neuropsychological and psychological factors related to awareness deficits and compare emotional adjustment and psychosocial outcomes at the initial assessment and 12-month follow-up. Eighty-four participants with ABI (mean time since injury = 3.9 years) were assessed on the Self-Awareness of Deficits Interview, Awareness Questionnaire, Symptom Expectancy Checklist, Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, Sydney Psychosocial Reintegration Scale, and an error self-regulation index. A 12-month follow-up assessment of emotional adjustment and psychosocial outcomes was conducted. A hierarchical cluster analysis distinguished four awareness typologies, namely, "poor self-awareness" (n = 12), "high defensiveness" (n = 13), "high symptom reporting" (n = 15), and "good self-awareness" (n = 44). An overall comparison of outcomes indicated that the poor self-awareness and high symptom reporting typologies experienced poorer outcomes than the high defensiveness and good self-awareness typologies. The findings confirm that there are different awareness typologies and highlight the need to tailor interventions according to the nature of awareness deficits.
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Individuals with persisting awareness deficits have long-term difficulties in regaining independence and work, and maintaining relationships.
“Individuals with persisting awareness deficits have long-term difficulties in regaining independence and work, and maintaining relationships (Ownsworth et al., 2007).”
From Moving ahead: A new centre of research excellence in brain recovery, focusing on psychosocial reintegration following traumatic brain injury (2012) · cites this paper as Ownsworth et al., 2007
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- Authors
- Ownsworth, T., Fleming, J., Strong, J., Radel, M., Chan, W., & Clare, L.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Prince Charles Hospital (AU)
- Bangor University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Ownsworth, Tamara
- Venue
- Neuropsychological Rehabilitation
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2007-04
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 129-150
- ISSN
- 0960-2011 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-0694
- OpenAlex
- W1968143753
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 2.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropsychological Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
- Keywords
- acquired brain injury, self-awareness, emotional adjustment, psychosocial outcomes, symptom reporting, defensiveness, anxiety and depression, social reintegration, long-term outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Awareness, Brain Injuries, Emotions, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Self-Assessment, Glasgow Coma Scale
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