Folate content of gluten-free food purchases and dietary intake are low in children with coeliac disease
Open accessAbstract
The lack of mandated folate enrichment of gluten-free (GF) grains in Canada has been suspected to contribute to suboptimal folate intake among children suffering from Celiac disease (CD). Children with CD on the gluten-free diet (GFD) face nutrient imbalances (higher fat/sugar, lower folate) from processed GF foods. The study objective examined folate intake in children with CD and folate content of household food purchases. Households collected food receipts for 30 days to assess folate content. Folate-rich foods were defined as ≥60 µg dietary folate equivalent (DFE)/100g. Two 24-hour recalls assessed children's intake. Households ( n = 73) purchased >17,000 food items. Median child age was 10.5 y (IQR: 8.4-14.1). GF folate-rich foods represented <15% of all household food purchases and 69% of children had low folate intakes. Folate-rich foods consumed included legumes/GF-breakfast cereals. These represented 5% of GF-food purchases/intake. Few were fortified with folate. Findings highlight the need for mandated GF folate food fortification policy.
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Children and adolescents on a gluten-free diet are at higher risk of insufficient intake of fibre, folate, magnesium, selenium and vitamin D, and have higher intakes of saturated and hydrogenated fats as well as sugars compared to children on a gluten-containing diet.
“Children and adolescents on a GFD are at higher risk of insufficient intake of fibre (86,87), folate, magnesium, selenium and vitamin D (88,89), and have higher intakes of saturated and hydrogenated fats as well as sugars compared to children on a gluten-containing diet (86,87,90).”
Cites
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Self-citationMager, D. R., Marcon, M., Brill, H., Liu, A., Radmanovich, K., Mileski, H., Nasser, R., Alzaben, A., Carroll, M. W., Yap, J., et al. (2018) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000001873 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationAntitissue Transglutaminase Normalization Postdiagnosis in Children With Celiac Disease
Isaac, D. M., Rajani, S., Yaskina, M., Huynh, H. Q., & Turner, J. M. (2017) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000001480 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationLow Yield for Routine Laboratory Checks in Follow-up of Coeliac Disease
Burger, J. P., Van der Laan, J. J., Jansen, T. A., Drenth, J. P., Roovers, E. A., Wessels, M. M., & Wahab, P. J. (2018) · Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases · doi:10.15403/gld.2014.1121.273.jph · Cited by 19 · see citing works
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Luque, V., Crespo‐Escobar, P., Hård af Segerstad, E. M., Koltai, T., Norsa, L., Roman, E., Vreugdenhil, A., Fueyo‐Díaz, R., & Ribes‐Koninckx, C. (2024) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1002/jpn3.12079 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
- Authors
- Cyrkot, S., Anders, S., Kamprath, C., Liu, A., Mileski, H., Dowhaniuk, J., Nasser, R., Marcon, M., Brill, H., Turner, J. M., & Mager, D. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Alberta (CA)
- McMaster Children's Hospital (CA)
- Saskatchewan Health Authority (CA)
- Hospital for Sick Children (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Mager, Diana R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2020-03-04
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 863-874
- ISSN
- 0963-7486 (ISSN-L)
- 1465-3478
- OpenAlex
- W3009998205
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 1.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Figshare (cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Celiac Disease Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- folate intake, celiac disease, gluten-free diet, gluten-free foods, folic acid fortification, food fortification policy, children, dietary intake, household food purchasing, Fabaceae, breakfast cereals, nutrient imbalance, folate-rich foods, Canada, food policy, food availability, food quality
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Celiac Disease, Child, Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Child, Preschool, Female, Folic Acid, Food Analysis, Glutens, Humans, Infant, Male, Diet, Gluten-Free
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